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We need more research to better understand human hair follicle stem cells for improved treatments for hair loss and skin cancer.

Using fat-derived stem cells with the drug meglumine antimoniate can help control skin disease and reduce parasites in mice with leishmaniasis.

A gene variant causes patched hair loss in mice, similar to alopecia areata in humans.

Certain types of T cells are essential for healthy skin and play a role in skin diseases, but more research is needed to improve treatments.

Tissue-resident memory T cells can protect against infections and cancer but may also contribute to autoimmune diseases.

Hormones and neuroendocrine factors control hair growth and color, and more research could lead to new hair treatment options.

A specific DNA region is crucial for Foxn1 gene expression in thymus cells but not in hair follicles.

Exosomes from special stem cells help treat ulcerative colitis by reducing inflammation and stress.

The drug enzalutamide may reduce the ability of the virus causing COVID-19 to enter lung cells.

The FOXN1 gene is crucial for developing immune cells and preventing immune disorders.

The review highlights the importance of stem cells in hair health and suggests new treatment strategies for hair loss conditions.

T cells and bacteria in the gut and skin help maintain health and protect against disease.

Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.

An imbalance between certain immune cells is linked to a chronic skin condition and may be influenced by obesity, smoking, and autoimmune issues.

FOXN1 gene variants cause low T cells and immune issues from birth.

Fetal-maternal stem cells in a mother's hair can help with tissue repair and regeneration long after childbirth.

Immune cells are essential for early hair and skin development and healing.

Lymphocytes, especially CD8+ T cells, play a key role in causing alopecia areata, and targeting them may lead to new treatments.

Deleting the p63 gene in certain cells causes problems in thymus development and severe hair loss in mice.

Cicatricial alopecia, a permanent hair loss condition, is mainly caused by damage to specific hair follicle stem cells and abnormal immune responses, with gene regulator PPAR-y and lipid metabolism disorders playing significant roles.

Keratinocytes help heal skin wounds by interacting with immune cells and producing substances that kill pathogens.

Graft-versus-host disease is a complication where donor immune cells attack the recipient's body, often affecting the skin, liver, and gastrointestinal tract.

Animal models have helped understand hair loss from alopecia areata and find new treatments.

Blocking the CXCR3 receptor reduces T cell accumulation in the skin and prevents hair loss in mice.

FoxN1 gene is essential for proper thymus structure and preventing hair loss.

T-cell reconstitution after thymus transplantation can cause hair whitening and loss.

The document concludes that more research is needed to better understand and treat primary cicatricial alopecias, and suggests a possible reclassification based on molecular pathways.

Both vitiligo and alopecia areata involve an immune response triggered by stress and specific genes, with treatments targeting this pathway showing potential.

New treatments for immune disorders caused by FOXN1 deficiency are promising.

The skin and thymus develop similarly to protect and support immunity.