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The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

Hair color production in mice is closely linked to the hair growth phase and may also influence hair growth itself.

Men are more likely to have severe COVID-19 cases and fatalities than women due to factors like lifestyle, aging, and biological differences.

Epigenetic changes control how adult stem cells work and can lead to diseases like cancer if they go wrong.

Some medicinal plants can help heal wounds and may lead to new treatments.

Blood vessels and specific genes help turn cartilage into bone when bones heal.

Tight junctions are key for skin protection and controlling what gets absorbed or passes through the skin.

The WNT signaling pathway is important in many diseases and targeting it could offer new treatments.

Vitamin D is important for skin health and may affect conditions like psoriasis and hair loss, but more research is needed to understand its role fully.

Matriptase is crucial for keeping epithelial tissues healthy and functioning properly.

Exosomes could potentially enhance tissue repair and regeneration with lower rejection risk and easier production than live cell therapies.

Cepharanthine is a well-tolerated drug with multiple medical uses, including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.

Fat cells in the skin help start healing and form important repair cells after injury.

Men's sensitivity to male hormones might affect how severe COVID-19 gets for them.

Tiny particles from stem cells help activate hair growth cells and encourage hair growth in mice without being toxic.

Hair color production is closely linked to the active growth phase of hair in mice and may also influence hair growth itself.

C60 fullerenes can alter protein function and may help develop new disease inhibitors.

FGF signaling is a promising target for developing treatments for wounds, metabolic diseases, and cancer.

The document concludes that adult mammalian skin contains multiple stem cell populations with specific markers, important for understanding skin regeneration and related conditions.

The Wnt/β-catenin pathway helps tissue regeneration but can also cause fibrosis, and drugs that inhibit this pathway may aid in healing skin and heart tissues.

Skin fat helps with body temperature control and has other active roles in health.

Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.

A new gene, JMJD1C, may affect testosterone levels in men.

Costunolide may have multiple health benefits, including promoting hair growth and protecting against cancer and diabetes, but more research is needed.

Beta-sitosterol has potential health benefits but needs more research to fully understand its effects and improve its use in treatments.

Jasmonic acid and its derivatives play important roles in plant health and have potential uses in medicine and agriculture.

Exosomes from dermal papilla cells help hair growth by making hair follicle stem cells multiply and change.

Pregnancy causes skin changes like darkening, hair thickening, nail changes, and increased risk of skin growths, most of which usually resolve after birth.

Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.

Advanced human skin models improve drug development and could replace animal testing.