May 2022 in “Experimental dermatology” Trichothiodystrophy hair is structurally abnormal with protein and organization issues.
40 citations,
May 2016 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Changes in keratin make hair follicles stiffer.
84 citations,
April 2015 in “Cosmetics” Hair dyes vary in how long they last and how deeply they penetrate hair.
235 citations,
July 1999 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Human hair is made up of different keratins, some strong and some weak, with specific types appearing at various stages of hair growth.
788 citations,
February 2007 in “Nature” The document concludes that skin stem cells are important for hair growth and wound healing, and could be used in regenerative medicine.
Acidic sandy clay damages archaeological hair the most, while dry conditions preserve but make it brittle; silicone oil can help keep the hair flexible.
January 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” The 2015 Hair Research Congress concluded that stem cells, maraviroc, and simvastatin could potentially treat Alopecia Areata, topical minoxidil, finasteride, and steroids could treat Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia, and PTGDR2 antagonists could also treat alopecia. They also found that low-level light therapy could help with hair loss, a robotic device could assist in hair extraction, and nutrition could aid hair growth. They suggested that Alopecia Areata is an inflammatory disorder, not a single disease, indicating a need for personalized treatments.
48 citations,
July 1993 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Hair growth is controlled by specific gene clusters and proteins, and cysteine affects hair gene expression in sheep.
467 citations,
May 1999 in “Molecular Cell” Activating c-Myc in skin causes rapid cell growth and changes, but these effects are reversible.
12 citations,
January 2014 in “Cell structure and function” Different combinations of human hair keratins affect how hair fibers form.
90 citations,
January 1979 in “International review of cytology” Wool follicles are complex, involving interactions between different cell types and structures.
August 2020 in “Textile research journal” The model helps understand how wool fiber structure affects its strength and flexibility.
45 citations,
May 2003 in “Journal of Cell Science” α3β1-integrin is crucial for maintaining normal hair follicle shape and function but not needed for the development of the surrounding skin.
8 citations,
November 2022 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Human hair varies widely and should be classified by curl type rather than race.
2 citations,
April 2021 in “FEBS open bio” Human hair keratins K85 and K35 create unique filament patterns important for early hair formation.
116 citations,
April 1986 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Trichohyalin is a protein in hair follicles that helps form hair filaments.
22 citations,
September 1982 in “Journal of ultrastructure research” Wool follicle cells are more complex than previously thought.
19 citations,
January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
28 citations,
October 1985 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Researchers isolated and identified structural components of human hair follicles, providing a model for studying hair formation.
13 citations,
May 2016 in “International journal of biological macromolecules” Keratin's mechanical properties are influenced by hydrogen bonds and secondary structure, and can be improved with the SPD-2 peptide.
7 citations,
August 2006 in “Biopolymers” Researchers extracted tiny keratin filaments from human hair by unzipping its outer layer.
7 citations,
February 1998 in “Polymer journal” Keratin structure in hair is stable at pH 5-6 but disrupts between pH 6-7.
47 citations,
January 2017 in “RSC Advances” Keratin peptides can change hair shape gently without harsh chemicals.
17 citations,
November 2017 in “Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences” Certain gene mutations are linked to wool quality in sheep and could help in breeding for better wool.
Keratin hydrogels from human hair show promise for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
November 2024 in “Biophysical Chemistry” Hair structure changes immediately during perm treatment, with initial damage partially restored later.
98 citations,
May 2016 in “Genes” Understanding wool keratin-associated proteins in sheep can help improve wool quality through selective breeding.
30 citations,
April 2017 in “Journal of structural biology” Human hair keratin fibers have a detailed nano-scale structure that changes with different conditions.
15 citations,
January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Keratin proteins are crucial for hair growth and structure.
11 citations,
April 2022 in “Biophysical Journal” Disulfide bonds in keratin fibers break more easily under stress, especially when wet, affecting fiber strength.