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The skin is a complex barrier that protects the body, regulates temperature, and helps with immune responses.

Alopecia areata is likely caused by a combination of genetic factors and immune system dysfunction, and may represent different diseases with various causes.

CRAC channels are crucial for the development and function of specialized immune cells, preventing severe inflammation and autoimmune diseases.

FOXN1 gene mutations cause a rare, severe immune disease treatable with cell or tissue transplants.

Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.

Certain types of T cells are essential for healthy skin and play a role in skin diseases, but more research is needed to improve treatments.

Tissue-resident memory T cells can protect against infections and cancer but may also contribute to autoimmune diseases.

RACB in barley is crucial for cell polarity and nucleus positioning, aiding fungal infection.

Testosterone may have a dual role in COVID-19, potentially worsening outcomes in men, and testosterone therapy could help some patients, but more research is needed.

Reflectance confocal microscopy is a useful, non-invasive tool for diagnosing some skin diseases, with potential for future improvements.

Human prenatal skin develops an immune network early on that helps with skin formation and healing without scarring.

Different hair diseases affect people during childbearing years, with treatments ranging from medication to psychological support.

Janus kinase inhibitors are promising drugs for treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.

The review highlights the importance of stem cells in hair health and suggests new treatment strategies for hair loss conditions.

Alopecia Areata is linked to specific gut bacteria and metabolites, indicating a complex gut microbiome.

Leptin, a hormone from fat cells, affects immune responses and can influence skin diseases and hair growth.

People with Down syndrome have higher rates of certain immune-related conditions and need special medical attention.

Melatonin receptors, found in many body parts, can help treat various diseases like depression and diabetes due to their effects on inflammation, tumor progression, sleep disorders, and body mass regulation.

Changes to the Foxp3 protein affect how well regulatory T cells can control the immune system, which could help treat immune diseases and cancer.

Sarcoptes scabiei infection causes significant health and behavior changes in wombats.

Sebaceous glands are involved in various skin disorders, some treatable with medications like finasteride and minoxidil.

Alopecia areata is a genetic and immune-related hair loss condition that is often associated with other autoimmune diseases and does not typically cause permanent damage to hair follicles.

Hair follicles prevent NK cell attacks to avoid hair loss.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.

Early detection and intensive treatment of diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus toxins are crucial for reducing severe health effects.

Filaggrin mutations are linked to atopic dermatitis and help explain how genetics and environment affect the disease.

T cells and bacteria in the gut and skin help maintain health and protect against disease.

Alopecia areata is a common autoimmune disease affecting about 2% of people, causing significant disability and often associated with mental health issues and other autoimmune conditions.

People with late-stage HIV-1 often experience a specific type of hair loss linked to multiple factors, including nutritional issues and immune responses.

Accurate diagnosis is key for treating different kinds of hair loss, and immune response variations may affect the condition and treatment results.