Dysregulation of the Immune System in a Natural History Study of 1299 Individuals with Down Syndrome

    December 2023 in “ Research Square (Research Square) ”
    William Gansa, Kartikeya Menon, Christos Sazeides, O’Jay Stewart, Dusan Bogunovic
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    TLDR People with Down syndrome have higher rates of certain immune-related conditions and need special medical attention.
    This study evaluated the prevalence of immune-related diagnoses in 1299 individuals with Down syndrome compared to 2605 controls over 18 years at Mount Sinai Health System. The Down syndrome cohort had significantly higher odds of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions such as Alopecia areata (OR 6.06, p = 0.01), sepsis (OR 4.79, p < 0.001), hemorrhagic conditions (OR 2.31, p < 0.001), and Rosacea (OR 3.11, p < 0.001), but lower odds of Herpesviral infection (OR 0.42, p = 0.01) and Viral warts (OR 0.51, p = 0.04). The findings suggest immune dysregulation in Down syndrome impacts infectious disease incidence and severity, and exacerbates skin-related autoimmune diseases, highlighting the need for focused clinical attention on these conditions to improve quality of life.
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