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The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of male and female gonadal disorders is crucial for effective treatment and better patient outcomes.

Melatonin directly affects mouse hair follicles and may influence hair growth.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

High levels of male hormones, insulin resistance, and obesity are closely linked and worsen polycystic ovary syndrome, but more research is needed to improve treatments.

5α‐reductase isozymes are crucial for prostate development and health, and targeting them can help prevent and treat prostate issues.

Certain genetic variations in the AR and ERβ genes can affect androgen levels in women.

Overexpressing the mineralocorticoid receptor in mouse skin causes skin thinning, early skin barrier development, eye issues, and hair loss.

The document concludes that for hair and feather growth, it's better to target the environment around stem cells than the cells themselves.

Eating healthy, exercising, and taking certain supplements can help manage Polycystic Ovary Syndrome symptoms.

Substance P may worsen acne by increasing inflammation, but corticosteroids might help by reducing this effect.

Longer CAG repeat lengths in the androgen receptor gene are linked to higher testosterone levels in women with PCOS.

PFS and PSSD are similar conditions with persistent sexual dysfunction after stopping medication.

Adult skin quickly reacts to short-term environmental and internal stress, leading to various skin issues and the need for protective measures.

Testing for CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene is not currently recommended for managing hypogonadism.

Exercise improves insulin sensitivity and hormone regulation in PCOS rats.

Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers should focus on signs of excess male hormones and not rely solely on ovarian ultrasound or irregular periods, and should be reassessed in adulthood.

Pregnancy reduces anxiety in rats, but finasteride reverses this effect.

Higher fluoride levels may delay puberty in boys.

Sebaceous glands play a key role in skin health, immunity, and various skin diseases.

Lifestyle changes are the first step in treating infertility in PCOS, followed by medications like clomiphene and metformin, and then surgery if needed.

The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.

Electro-acupuncture may help treat PCOS in rats by changing brain DNA methylation.

COVID-19 may harm male fertility and damage the reproductive system.

Dihydrotestosterone treatment can help penis growth in boys with 5α-reductase deficiency but doesn't fully normalize size after puberty.

Certain gene variations are linked to higher male hormone levels in Chinese women with PCOS and insulin resistance.

We need better ways to test and understand SARMs to make safer and more effective treatments.

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone may help control skin and hair growth and could aid in treating related disorders.

Collecting hair for cortisol analysis is possible in low-income mother-toddler pairs.

Birth control pills containing cyproterone acetate improve the quality of life more for women with polycystic ovary syndrome after 6 months of use.

Anti-androgens are effective for female acne but less so for male-pattern hair loss, with side effects similar to birth control pills.