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Alopecia areata is caused by immune system attacks on hair follicles, often triggered by viral infections.

Hypothyroidism may cause certain types of hair loss.

New Australian advertising rules improved stem cell marketing practices but further regulation is needed for consumer safety.

Patients in Australia underwent costly, unproven stem cell treatments due to weak regulations and aggressive marketing.

The authors suggest that 5-α-reductase inhibitors, like dutasteride, are effective in treating frontal fibrosing alopecia and should be the first-line treatment, with other options for severe cases. They also recommend further research on Janus kinase inhibitors.

Platelet-rich plasma treatment is effective for hair loss in patients regardless of their thyroid antibody levels.

Spheroid culture in agarose dishes improves survival and nerve cell growth in thawed human fat-derived stem cells.

A mother and son both had ulcerative colitis and alopecia, suggesting a genetic link in autoimmune disorders and successful treatment with cyclosporine.

Vitamin D helps protect skin, PSORS1 gene's risk interval for psoriasis is expanded, hair follicles can be generated from mouse cells, and interferon-γ may cause pigmented skin lesions.

Androgenetic alopecia is less common in Chilean Mapuche than Caucasians, but more common than Asians, with racial differences in prevalence and types.

Oral tofacitinib can treat both psoriasis and alopecia universalis by normalizing inflammatory pathways.

The nail matrix has a reduced immune response, protecting it from autoimmunity.

A man developed facial skin lesions after a stem cell transplant, which improved with specific treatments.

The HGCA tool helps identify genes that work together by analyzing their co-expression patterns.

TLR3 signaling enhances the immunosuppressive properties of human periodontal ligament stem cells.

Minoxidil can cause pericardial and pleural effusions with high protein content.

Some treatments work better for different types of hair loss, and nutrients like iron and L-lysine are important for preventing hair loss.

CTLA4 gene variants are not linked to alopecia areata in Monterrey's Mexican population.

The review says skin conditions with sterile pustules need more research for better treatments.

Beau's lines and hair loss in a patient were linked to severe stress on the body.

Personalized medicine in dermatology uses molecular biomarkers to improve diagnosis and treatment but needs further advancements for practical use.

Adalimumab can cause complete hair loss in rare cases.

Combined prednisone and cyclosporine therapy led to excellent hair regrowth and improved well-being.

Topoisomerase inhibitors can cause hair loss, skin rash, hand-foot syndrome, and nail changes.

The document concludes that alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease without a definitive cure, but treatments like corticosteroids are commonly used.

Various treatments can improve post-acne scars, but results vary.

Individualized treatment plans are crucial for children with alopecia areata, with promising options like JAK inhibitors showing significant hair regrowth.

Sulfasalazine may help regrow hair in severe alopecia areata cases.

The study found that alopecia areata is strongly linked to autoimmune diseases and may indicate a genetic predisposition to such conditions.

Patients with certain skin symptoms and high ANA titers should be monitored for potential systemic lupus.