January 2011 in “Yearbook of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery” Hair relaxers are linked to reduced cystine levels and potential hair damage.
August 2005 in “Microscopy and Microanalysis” Polymethylene wax in hair relaxers makes hair smooth and shiny with less damage.
October 2023 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Chemical hair relaxers are not proven to cause uterine cancer.
4 citations,
July 2016 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Dermatologists should use hair relaxers carefully to avoid hair and scalp damage, following specific guidelines for application and maintenance.
June 2024 in “Journal of Clinical Oncology” Frequent use of chemical hair relaxers may increase endometrial cancer risk in Black women.
Hair loss is common in the studied community, often linked to aging and hair care practices like braids, weaves, and chemical relaxers.
February 2019 in “IP Indian journal of clinical and experimental dermatology” Continuous use of hair relaxers and curlers can cause hair loss, dryness, dandruff, thinning, greying, and split ends.
3 citations,
January 2002 in “Springer eBooks” Alkaline hair relaxers damage hair, but cationic and non-ionic polymers can help reduce this damage.
1 citations,
November 2011 in “Dermatologica Sinica” Women using hair relaxers with alopecia had lower zinc levels, suggesting zinc deficiency might contribute to hair loss.
13 citations,
June 2021 in “Carcinogenesis” Certain hair straighteners and dyes may increase ovarian cancer risk, especially in African American/Black women.
8 citations,
October 2014 in “Journal of analytical toxicology.” Chemical hair straightening significantly reduces detectable drug levels in hair.
8 citations,
January 1986 in “The Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology” Hair loss surgeries like grafts, scalp reductions, and flap rotations can be effective for black men with proper technique adjustments.
1 citations,
March 2005 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Twisting hair weakens it, but strength can be recovered at low twist levels.
August 2021 in “International Journal of Research in Dermatology” Modern hair straightening improves manageability and strength while maintaining natural waves.
Frizzy hair is fragile and can lead to hair loss and damage if not properly cared for.
May 2007 in “Dermatologic Therapy” Hair care practices like using relaxers and tight braiding can lead to permanent hair loss in black women.
March 2005 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A new method helps understand hair shine and various products improve hair care.
July 2012 in “Hair transplant forum international” Lifestyle choices like stress, smoking, heavy drinking, sun exposure, and chemical hair treatments might speed up hair loss in people with androgenetic alopecia.
June 2007 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Title change to "Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia (CCCA)"; common in African American women; hair-grooming methods may contribute; no effective therapy found; trials needed.
17 citations,
January 2015 in “Current problems in dermatology” Understanding and treating hair disorders in different ethnic groups requires knowledge of specific hair care practices and hair characteristics.
76 citations,
November 2010 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Some African American women's central scalp hair loss is linked to genetics and past fungal scalp infections, with more research needed on other causes.
75 citations,
March 2009 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” CCCA is a hair loss type affecting African women, possibly caused by grooming and chemicals, with various treatments and needing more research.
55 citations,
March 2007 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Afro-ethnic hair can be straightened using chemical and heat methods.
September 2023 in “International journal of women’s dermatology” Certain hairstyles, diabetes, scalp infections, and vitamin D deficiency may increase the risk of hair loss in Black women; more research is needed for better treatment.
January 2017 in “Clinical approaches and procedures in cosmetic dermatology” Cosmetic procedures can harm hair, but damage can be minimized with knowledge and care; however, once hair is damaged, it cannot be reliably repaired.
July 2012 in “Springer eBooks” The document concludes that proper diagnosis and treatment of nonscarring alopecias can improve quality of life and hair regrowth is possible as the hair follicle remains intact.
88 citations,
April 2011 in “Archives of Dermatology” Type 2 diabetes, bacterial scalp infections, and tight hairstyles like braids and weaves are linked to a higher risk of a scarring hair loss condition in African American women.
July 2023 in “SAS journal of medicine” Certain hair styling methods, like weaving and straightening, are a main cause of hair loss in women from Bamako.
13 citations,
September 2016 in “Cosmetics” Hair care cosmetics affect hair health; know products, ingredients, and procedures.
54 citations,
September 2000 in “Archives of dermatology” A hair-straightening product caused widespread hair loss and scalp injuries, mainly affecting African American women.