Acidic sandy clay damages archaeological hair the most, while dry conditions preserve but make it brittle; silicone oil can help keep the hair flexible.
24 citations,
November 2015 in “Scientific reports” Human hair has a new region with ordered filaments and the cuticle contains β-keratin sheets.
19 citations,
January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
81 citations,
December 2007 in “Acta materialia” AFM helped show how hair changes under tension and the effects of damage and conditioner.
41 citations,
October 2000 in “Dermatologic clinics” Better hair care products are needed to protect against grooming and chemical damage.
23 citations,
January 2013 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology” FPHL causes hair loss in women due to genetics and hormones; minoxidil and anti-androgens are treatments, and early intervention is advised.
3 citations,
February 2023 in “ACS omega” Grape seed oil improved hair quality the most, followed by rosehip and safflower seed oils, and reduced damage from shampoo.
12 citations,
January 2020 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” Female pattern hair loss has multiple causes and treatments, with new therapies showing promise.
2 citations,
December 2022 in “Journal of toxicologic pathology” Skin structure complexity and variability are crucial for assessing skin toxicity in safety tests.
October 2021 in “Cosmoderma” Hair loss can be managed with treatments like minoxidil, finasteride, and others, but there are still gaps in effectiveness and off-label usage is increasing.
188 citations,
June 1998 in “Molecular cell” Researchers created a mouse with the same mutation as humans with trichothiodystrophy, showing similar symptoms and confirming the condition is due to defects in DNA repair and gene activity.
52 citations,
February 2005 in “Biopolymers” Chemical hair straightening changes hair proteins and mostly fixes broken bonds.
9 citations,
January 1989 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Wool and hair fibers absorb moisture similarly due to their keratin structure, with the amount of non-crystalline areas affecting the moisture uptake.
6 citations,
October 2003 in “Journal of applied polymer science” A new method using poly(ethylene imine) improves hair dyeing at lower temperatures with better color retention.
5 citations,
April 2005 in “Journal of applied polymer science” PEI diffuses into hair at a constant rate, and urea speeds up this process.
12 citations,
June 2011 in “Journal of applied polymer science” L-phenylalanine and hydrolyzed eggwhite protein deeply penetrate human hair.
5 citations,
January 2004 in “Journal of applied polymer science” Urea helps hair dye penetrate better and last longer.
20 citations,
December 2012 in “Journal of molecular structure” The study found that thioglycolic acid breaks down hair bonds more consistently than l-cysteine, which is less damaging to hair.
1 citations,
January 2017 in “PubMed” All five hair fiber products improved appearance but didn't stick to completely bald areas.
3 citations,
December 2018 in “Routledge eBooks” Hair is made of strong keratin fibers that protect against the environment.
8 citations,
July 2011 in “Animal science journal” Keratin 33A is a key protein in goat winter coats, especially in high-producing breeds.
5 citations,
December 2020 in “International journal of biological macromolecules” Treatments improved hair surface and scale structure but didn't increase certain bonds in the hair cortex.
4 citations,
April 1955 in “Textile Research Journal” The effectiveness of reducing agents on hair fibers depends on their electrode potentials.
3 citations,
August 1980 in “Acs Symposium Series” Hair increases in size when it absorbs water, and treatments like bleaching affect how much water it can take in.
Hair fiber research combines multiple sciences to improve hair care products.
The document concludes that understanding hair's composition and the effects of treatments can lead to better hair care products.
10 citations,
November 2021 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Sheep and goat hair fibers are complex due to keratin-associated proteins, which are important for fiber properties and growth.
6 citations,
April 2005 in “Journal of dermatological science” The study found nine new hair protein genes in human hair follicles.
January 2008 in “Chinese Journal of Spectroscopy Laboratory” Cysteine formation on hair indicates damage, best detected at pH 4.5.