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Glossary Follicular Hyperkeratosis

condition where hair follicles clog with keratin, causing bumps

Follicular Hyperkeratosis, also known as Keratosis Pilaris, is a common skin condition where hair follicles become clogged with keratin, a protein found in the skin. This results in small, rough bumps, often on the arms, thighs, cheeks, or buttocks, giving the skin a sandpaper-like texture. It is generally harmless but can be cosmetically concerning for some individuals.

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research Follicular cysts and hyperkeratoses in early mycosis fungoides

3 citations , September 1998 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

In this case study, long-term treatment with acitretin significantly improved chronic skin conditions like erythematosquamous plaques and follicular hyperkeratoses in a patient, but stopping the treatment led to severe worsening of symptoms.

research Ichthyosis Follicularis With Alopecia and Photophobia

75 citations , September 1985 in “Archives of dermatology”

This report of ichthyosis follicularis in two boys discusses the challenges of distinguishing it from similar disorders, noting its rarity and unclear inheritance pattern without providing new clinical results.

research Mucin‐poor follicular mycosis fungoides

9 citations , February 2002 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

This case study reports that a combination of PUVA therapy and oral methyl prednisolone initially improved symptoms of a woman's cutaneous T-cell lymphoma but required ongoing treatment due to recurrence.

research Keratosis Follicularis Spinulosa Decalvans

54 citations , January 1983 in “Archives of Dermatology”

This article presents two cases of keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans and reviews its features, highlighting characteristic progression from keratosis pilaris in infancy to cicatricial alopecia in childhood.

research Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans: a family study of seven male cases and six female carriers.

41 citations , January 1992 in “Journal of medical genetics”

This study described seven male patients and six female carriers of keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans, highlighting distinct dermatological and ophthalmic markers including follicular hyperkeratosis and corneal dystrophy.

research Ichthyosis follicularis with alopecia and photophobia in a mother and daughter

36 citations , January 2000 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement”

This case study reports on a mother and daughter with ichthyosis follicularis, alopecia, and photophobia, noting consistent keratotic eruptions during the mother's pregnancies that improved postpartum.

research Follicular mycosis fungoides associated with lithium

17 citations , February 2001 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

This case report suggests that lithium, either alone or with haloperidol, may induce skin changes resembling follicular mycosis fungoides.

research Follicular ichthyosis

17 citations , July 1984 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement”

This study describes a distinctive form of ichthyosis characterized by abnormal epidermal differentiation mainly within hair follicles in four patients with congenital follicular hyperkeratosis.

research Keratosis Follicularis Spinulosa Decalvans. What Syndrome Is This?

5 citations , March 2005 in “Pediatric dermatology”

Keratosis Follicularis Spinulosa Decalvans is a rare genetic disorder causing skin and hair issues, often inherited through the X chromosome.

research Unilateral keratosis pilaris atrophicans faciei mimicking follicular mucinosis

3 citations , April 2011 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

This article describes a unique case of unilateral keratosis pilaris atrophicans faciei in a 19-year-old man, noting its clinical similarity to follicular mucinosis, but presents no new general findings.

Keratosis Follicularis Spinulosa Decalvans: Case Report

research Queratose folicular espinulosa decalvante: relato de caso

3 citations , August 2010 in “Anais brasileiros de dermatologia/Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia”

This case study describes a child with severe cicatricial alopecia that began at birth and progressed rapidly, making treatment results disappointing.

research Keratosis Follicularis Spinulosa Decalvans: Diagnosis and Therapeutic Evaluation.

1 citations , January 2015 in “Journal of clinical case reports”

This case report describes two siblings with Keratosis Follicularis Spinulosa Decalvans, illustrating its manifestations in a 9-year-old boy and a 5-year-old girl.

research Case of follicular mucinosis: Nestin‐expression in mucin‐producing cells

1 citations , July 2009 in “Journal of dermatology”

This case report describes a 29-year-old Japanese man with follicular mucinosis, suggesting nestin-positive, multipotent hair follicle stem cells may be involved in reticular epithelial degeneration of the outer root sheath.

research Clinicopathologic and trichoscopic features of keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans: A case series study

December 2023 in “Journal of dermatology”

This study examined the clinicopathologic and trichoscopic characteristics of keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans and identified terminal hair involvement and follicular hyperkeratosis as key diagnostic features.

Keratosis Follicularis: Classification and Potential Treatments

research Keratosis Follicularis

April 1906 in “The American Journal of the Medical Sciences”

Keratosis Pilaris Atrophicans causes skin scarring and might be treated with a new synthetic retinoid.

research Follicular and perforating disorders

11 citations , June 1985 in “Journal of cutaneous pathology”

This review details pathologic changes in hair follicles, such as infundibular hyperkeratosis and inflammation, but offers no new diagnostic results.

research Neonatal follicular mucinosis

10 citations , May 2007 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

This case report describes the first known instance of congenital follicular mucinosis in a newborn, diagnosed through histopathological examination of a scalp lesion.

Follicular Keratotic Diseases: A Retrospective Study of 50 Cases in a Tertiary Care Center of Rural South India with Dermoscopy and Histopathology Evaluation

research Follicular keratotic diseases: a retrospective study of 50 cases in a tertiary care center of rural South India with dermoscopy and histopathology evaluation

December 2025 in “International Journal of Research in Dermatology”

This study observed that keratosis pilaris is the most prevalent follicular keratotic disease, especially in adolescent and young adult females, and emphasized the key role of dermoscopy and histopathology in distinguishing it from other similar disorders and aiding in diagnosis.

research ERYTHROMELANOSIS FOLLICULARIS FACIEI ET COLLI

10 citations , September 1994 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

This case report describes three Iranian men with gradual reddish-brown pigmentation on their cheeks and preauricular areas since childhood, unresponsive to sunblocks and topical steroids.

research Intracorneal vacuoles in skin diseases with parakeratotic hyperkeratosis in the dog: a retrospective light‐microscopy study of 111 cases (1973–2000)

7 citations , February 2002 in “Veterinary Dermatology”

This study found that intracorneal vacuoles were common in various parakeratotic skin diseases in dogs, but large vacuoles were exclusively observed in congenital follicular parakeratosis.

research Erythromelanosis Follicularis Faciei: First Case Report from Saudi Arabia

1 citations , November 2003 in “Annals of saudi medicine/Annals of Saudi medicine”

This case report documents the first known instance of erythromelanosis follicularis faciei in a Saudi male, detailing its clinical and histopathological characteristics.

research P28 Traumatic anserine folliculosis: a cause of facial follicular papules

August 2023 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement”

This paper reviews three cases of traumatic anserine folliculosis in children, showing the condition's association with postural habits and potential improvement through posture correction and topical treatments.

research Ichthyosis follicularis with alopecia and photophobia (IFAP): late diagnosis in 18‐year‐old man

2 citations , March 2011 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

This case report describes an 18-year-old male with IFAP syndrome, confirmed by total hair loss, severe photophobia, and characteristic skin changes, marking a rare presentation of the condition.

research Severe follicular hyperplasia and spontaneous papilloma formation in transgenic mice expressing theneu oncogene under the control of the bovine keratin 5 promoter

47 citations , January 1998 in “Molecular Carcinogenesis”

This study observed that targeted expression of the neu oncogene in transgenic mice led to significant epidermal hyperplasia and a carcinoma-like appearance, suggesting a crucial role for erbB2 signaling in epidermal proliferation and carcinogenesis.

Proliferative, Lymphocytic, Infundibular Mural Folliculitis and Dermatitis with Prominent Follicular Apoptosis and Parakeratotic Casts in Four Labrador Retrievers: Preliminary Description and Response to Therapy

research Proliferative, lymphocytic, infundibular mural folliculitis and dermatitis with prominent follicular apoptosis and parakeratotic casts in four Labrador retrievers: preliminary description and response to therapy

10 citations , April 2013 in “Veterinary dermatology”

In this study, four dogs with a novel skin disease showed clinical lesions involving verrucous, crusted papules and plaques, and responded variably to immunosuppressive therapy, suggesting an immune-mediated cause.

research Impaired Notch‐MKP‐1 signalling in hidradenitis suppurativa: an approach to pathogenesis by evidence from translational biology

112 citations , January 2013 in “Experimental dermatology”

This article offers a viewpoint on hidradenitis suppurativa pathogenesis, suggesting that impaired Notch signalling from γ-secretase mutations may drive inflammation and link the condition to other Th17-driven diseases.

research Pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. I. Comedogenic properties of human sebum in external ear canal of the rabbit

98 citations , July 1968 in “Archives of Dermatology”

This study found that applying scalp sebum from young men to rabbit ear canals caused follicular hyperkeratosis, suggesting sebum stimulates the formation of comedones, a key feature in acne vulgaris.

research An Autosomal Recessive Form of Monilethrix Is Caused by Mutations in DSG4: Clinical Overlap with Localized Autosomal Recessive Hypotrichosis

97 citations , March 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study identified four novel DSG4 mutations associated with monilethrix in 12 Jewish families, suggesting a recessive inheritance pattern and broader prevalence of DSG4-related hair disorders than previously recognized.

research Mutations in γ-secretase subunit–encoding PSENEN underlie Dowling-Degos disease associated with acne inversa

87 citations , March 2017 in “Journal of Clinical Investigation”

In this study, researchers identified PSENEN mutations that can lead to a form of Dowling-Degos disease, characterized by follicular hyperkeratosis and an increased susceptibility to acne inversa, especially in the presence of certain trigger factors.

research Clinical Findings, Cutaneous Pathology, and Response to Therapy in 21 Patients With Keratosis Pilaris Atrophicans

78 citations , April 1994 in “Archives of dermatology”

This study suggests genetic and clinical heterogeneity in keratosis pilaris atrophicans, with variations in inheritance patterns, severity, and response to treatment among 21 individuals observed.