Metformin is safe in early pregnancy for women with PCOS and may reduce certain risks.
May 2024 in “Food bioscience” Wood sterol may help reduce hair loss caused by a high-fat diet.
September 2023 in “The FASEB journal” Foxn1 is important for fat development, metabolism, and wound healing in skin.
45 citations,
August 2018 in “Journal of Lipid Research” Blocking the ATX-LPA pathway may improve insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial function in obesity.
37 citations,
June 2011 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Androgen is important in controlling stem cell differentiation, reducing fat development, and increasing lean mass.
8 citations,
November 2010 in “Facial Plastic Surgery” Fat transfer can be effective for soft tissue trauma if the patient is chosen carefully and the procedure is done correctly.
4 citations,
September 1977 in “Lipids” Gerbils on a fat-deficient diet had altered fatty acid levels, hair loss, reduced sperm, and lower body weight.
December 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Blocking glucocorticoid receptors improves glucose metabolism in a PCOS mouse model.
5 citations,
August 2021 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Retinoic acid affects male and female muscle energy use and function differently.
77 citations,
March 2014 in “Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine” Fat cells are important for healthy skin, hair growth, and healing, and changes in these cells can affect skin conditions and aging.
11 citations,
January 2017 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology” Female mice with disrupted 5α-reductase 1 had significant metabolic issues, including stress response problems, insulin resistance, liver fat buildup, and obesity.
October 2010 in “Reproductive Biomedicine Online” Women with PCOS and androgenic alopecia have different triglyceride metabolism compared to those without hair loss.
15 citations,
January 2002 in “Gynecological endocrinology” Hormones affect skin aging and fat distribution, and treatments can help, but only minoxidil is proven for female hair loss.
131 citations,
September 2017 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” The document concludes that blocking the internal pathways that create androgens might help treat cancers that depend on sex hormones.
15 citations,
February 2021 in “Frontiers in immunology” Leptin, a hormone from fat cells, affects immune responses and can influence skin diseases and hair growth.
October 2023 in “Advancement in yoga and physical therapy” More research is needed before using brown fat to treat polycystic ovary syndrome.
January 2021 in “Figshare” Autophagy helps delay aging in mouse glands, maintains fat balance, and controls scent production.
1 citations,
March 2012 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Testosterone, progesterone, and levonorgestrel change enzyme levels related to fat production in hamster skin, which could affect skin oil and acne.
1 citations,
February 2018 in “InTech eBooks” PCOS in lean women is a serious health condition with implications beyond fertility, affecting metabolism and increasing cardiovascular disease risk.
June 2024 in “Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” TSLP affects atopic dermatitis by increasing sebum and reducing fat through IL-4/IL-13 signaling.
September 2023 in “Frontiers in Medicine” The scalp fat tissue of men with hair loss shows changes in gene activity that may contribute to their condition.
November 2022 in “Scientific Reports” Certain ESR1 gene variations may affect hormone levels and fat distribution in women with high male hormone levels.
21 citations,
April 2011 in “Physiological Research” Normal levels of DHT can reduce belly fat and increase muscle, but too much can lead to hair loss, prostate issues, and possibly heart disease.
14 citations,
May 2013 in “American Journal of Physiology-endocrinology and Metabolism” Removing myelin protein zero-like 3 in mice leads to better metabolism and resistance to obesity.
3 citations,
August 2020 in “Nutrition Journal” Spinach-derived thylakoid supplements plus a low-calorie diet helped obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome lose weight and improve their metabolism.
5 citations,
June 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” Testosterone is important for male sexual traits, reproduction, muscle and bone health, blood production, and metabolism, and works both directly and after being changed into other hormones.
72 citations,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
15 citations,
October 2011 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Obesity changes androgen levels in women with PCOS, leading to higher testosterone relative to androstenedione.
February 2024 in “Brain research bulletin” Blocking androgen activity in newborn rats affects body weight and appetite-related hormones differently in males and females.
8 citations,
March 2012 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone have similar effects on body composition and metabolic health in men.