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The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.

New genetic mutations linked to rare skin disorders were found in three newborns.

Using developmental signaling pathways could improve adult wound healing by mimicking scarless embryonic healing.

Melatonin directly affects mouse hair follicles and may influence hair growth.

Acidic sandy clay damages archaeological hair the most, while dry conditions preserve but make it brittle; silicone oil can help keep the hair flexible.

New therapies are being developed that target integrin pathways to treat various diseases.

Finasteride treatment changes brain steroid levels and receptors, affecting brain function even after stopping treatment.

A man's unusual scalp folds caused by a skin condition were treated with surgery and remained unchanged two years later.

Wild African goats have genetic adaptations for surviving harsh desert conditions.

Growth factors are crucial for hair development and could help treat hair diseases.

Men are more likely to have severe respiratory viral infections like COVID-19 due to hormonal and genetic differences, while women generally have stronger immune responses.

Ingesting Leucaena leucocephala caused hair loss and increased infant mortality in ringtailed lemurs.

Kennedy's disease leads to muscle weakness and sensory issues, has no cure but manageable symptoms, and future treatments look promising.

Male pattern baldness may be caused by factors like poor blood circulation, scalp tension, stress, and hormonal imbalances, but the exact causes are still unclear.

Scaffold-based strategies show promise for regenerating hair follicles and teeth but need more research for clinical use.

The WNT signaling pathway is important in many diseases and targeting it could offer new treatments.

Photobiomodulation therapy using red and near-infrared light can reduce inflammation and aid in healing various conditions.

Improving artificial vascular grafts requires better materials and surface designs to reduce blood clotting and support blood vessel cell growth.

Lymphatic vessels are essential for health and can be targeted to treat various diseases.

3D bioprinting in plastic surgery could lead to personalized grafts and fewer complications.

Cell aging can be both good and bad for tissue repair.

The document concludes that better targeted treatments are needed for wound healing, and single-cell technologies may improve cell-based therapies.

Muscles and nerves that cause goosebumps also help control hair growth.

Nanoparticles can improve skin drug delivery but have challenges like toxicity and stability that need more research.

The skin's dermal layer contains true stem cells with diverse functions and interactions that need more research to fully understand.

Natural volatiles and essential oils have health benefits and can enhance the effects of some medicines, but more research is needed to understand how they work and their possible side effects.

Natural 5α-reduced glucocorticoids might be anti-inflammatory with fewer side effects than current options.

The paper concludes that creating a natural-looking hairline in hair restoration is important for facial aesthetics and involves careful planning and realistic expectations.

The document concludes that non-binary individuals need compassionate support and recognition in healthcare, without being pathologized.

Gender identity can be more diverse than just male or female.