July 2021 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Alopecia patients have less GPER-1, which might affect hair loss.
20 citations,
July 2006 in “Veterinary dermatology” Melatonin helped some Pomeranian dogs regrow hair, but it wasn't linked to estrogen receptors.
December 2014 in “Bali Medical Journal” Females have higher estrogen receptor levels in hair than males, and these levels decrease in white hair compared to black hair.
June 1995 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” The new method showed that endometriotic tissue has lower estrogen receptor levels but similar progesterone levels compared to normal endometrium, with both following a similar cycle.
27 citations,
April 1998 in “American Journal of Dermatopathology” Estrogen and progesterone don't directly affect hair growth in androgenic alopecia and alopecia areata.
27 citations,
October 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology” ESR2 gene variations may be linked to female pattern hair loss.
19 citations,
March 1998 in “Endocrinology” Male rats have more somatostatin neurons than females due to testosterone converting to estrogen during early development.
14 citations,
December 2010 in “Seminars in Oncology” Rare adrenal cancers that secrete androgens or estrogens have a poor prognosis and are treated primarily with surgery.
2 citations,
May 2012 in “Annals of Oncology” Patients with advanced breast cancer and high hormone receptor levels who had surgery for ovarian/pelvic metastases lived longer, especially if they had high estrogen receptor levels.
The paper suggests that a decrease in estrogen receptor activity may cause sexual dysfunction syndromes and proposes hormonal treatments.
June 2024 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Young women in West Bengal, India, with PCOS often have estrogen resistance, leptin receptor issues, folate deficiency, T2DM, and acanthosis, commonly linked to obesity.
January 2019 in “ISGE series” Estrogen helps prevent artery plaque by stopping monocyte capture in blood vessels.
January 2024 in “Biology of sex differences” Dihydrotestosterone makes arteries stiffer in female mice by reducing estrogen receptor expression.
5 citations,
August 2012 in “Journal of Dermatology” Tamoxifen may cause female hair loss by increasing androgen receptor expression.
44 citations,
March 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The effects of estrogen on human hair growth are unclear and need more research.
6 citations,
January 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Estrogen receptors may not affect mouse hair growth as previously thought, and oxybenzone in sunscreen is stable in sunlight.
4 citations,
December 2013 in “British Journal of Dermatology” ESR2 gene linked to female-pattern hair loss.
Testosterone works in different ways, including direct interaction with its receptor, conversion to other hormones for specific effects on genitalia, hair, bones, and muscle, and changes in body fat and sexual function when low.
March 2010 in “Ejc Supplements” CK 5/6 expression in breast cancer is linked to negative hormone receptor status and higher tumor grade.
56 citations,
March 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 17β-estradiol can reduce inflammation in the skin.
51 citations,
August 2012 in “Differentiation” Mouse genital development depends on male or female hormones for specific features.
30 citations,
December 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Steroids, particularly estrogens and 5α-reductase inhibitors, affect blood vessel-related hair growth processes in hair follicle cells.
19 citations,
December 2011 in “PubMed” Inflammation and immunity play a key role in androgenetic alopecia, with better treatment outcomes in certain immune-positive cases.
7 citations,
March 2011 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Safety” Exemestane is effective and safe for treating certain breast cancers, with mild side effects, but needs more research on long-term effects.
4 citations,
August 2019 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Male yak hair growth is influenced by DHT synthesis, which is promoted by 5α-red1 and AR during growth phases, while E2 may inhibit growth through ERα.
3 citations,
July 2013 in “Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry” Chinese black tea extract helped mice grow hair, especially when combined with capsaicin.
1 citations,
November 2023 in “Biomedicines” Menopause can cause hair thinning and texture changes due to hormonal and metabolic shifts.
1 citations,
September 2020 in “Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports” The conclusion is that thorough investigation of hypertension and hormonal dysfunctions is important, and there may be a link between these conditions and cancer.
1 citations,
September 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Men have worse COVID-19 outcomes than women due to genetic and hormonal differences.
Finasteride affects prostate development differently in male and female Mongolian gerbils.