May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Transgender females can reach their target estrogen levels using estradiol patches, especially if oral treatments fail or if they're at risk for blood clots. Often, the highest dose patch is needed.
12 citations,
December 2020 in “Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology” Hormone levels in hair change during pregnancy, with progesterone increasing significantly compared to non-pregnant women.
1 citations,
October 2020 Hair can reliably measure average estradiol levels over months in humans and monkeys.
10 citations,
October 1992 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research” Finasteride safely lowers DHT levels without affecting hormone levels, helping with conditions like enlarged prostate, acne, and hair loss.
36 citations,
May 2017 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.
35 citations,
December 2009 in “Human reproduction” Metformin taken during pregnancy increases SHBG in newborns but doesn't change other hormone levels in mothers or babies.
December 2018 in “Journal of Advances in VetBio Science and Techniques” Low testosterone might be a common cause of hair loss in male dogs.
5 citations,
August 2018 in “Sexual Medicine Reviews” 5α-Reductase inhibitors do not consistently increase testosterone levels in the blood.
September 2014 in “Springer eBooks” Men and women experience skin aging differently due to changes in sex hormone levels with age.
37 citations,
May 2018 in “Transgender health” Oral estradiol works for many transgender women but needs personalized dosing and monitoring.
23 citations,
January 2016 in “Transgender health” Hormone therapy with estradiol and spironolactone can regrow scalp hair in transgender women by lowering testosterone to female levels.
June 2022 in “Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences” Higher testosterone harms sperm motility, while higher estradiol improves sperm survival.
August 2019 in “Journal of archaeological science: Reports/Journal of archaeological science: reports” Ancient hair can preserve hormones, revealing health and fertility insights.
27 citations,
April 2017 in “European journal of endocrinology” The research found that MRI and certain hormone levels can help tell apart ovarian tumors from hyperthecosis in postmenopausal women, but tissue analysis is still needed for a definite diagnosis.
15 citations,
February 2019 in “Internal Medicine Journal” Australian doctors experienced in adult transgender healthcare mostly prescribe intramuscular testosterone and oral estradiol, recommend mental health assessments before hormone therapy, and support improved training and guidelines.
4 citations,
March 2018 in “Systems biology in reproductive medicine” Men born very underweight had higher estrogen levels but normal reproduction compared to normal birth weight men.
1 citations,
December 2019 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” Higher androgen levels during puberty are linked to shorter adult height in boys with Silver-Russell syndrome.
9 citations,
April 2018 in “Biology of reproduction” Diet changes hormone levels in pregnant ewes by affecting metabolism, not placental synthesis.
52 citations,
June 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The research found that anovulatory young women have higher androgen and hormone levels than those who ovulate, suggesting immature hormonal regulation rather than a specific condition.
34 citations,
March 2003 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Most dogs with alopecia had higher than normal levels of certain hormones, but hair loss might not always be linked to these hormone changes.
21 citations,
January 1991 in “Dermatology” Men with male pattern hair loss have different levels of certain hormones compared to men without hair loss.
7 citations,
May 2012 in “International Journal of Andrology” The new oral testosterone pill normalized testosterone levels and lowered SHBG in men with low testosterone.
July 2023 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Anabolic-androgenic steroids harm male hormone levels, sperm, metabolism, and can cause acne, hair loss, and breast growth.
18 citations,
May 2014 in “Menopause” A 5 mg dose of transdermal testosterone cream effectively restores testosterone levels in postmenopausal women.
May 2015 in “Endocrine Abstracts” Both finasteride and metformin effectively treat PCOS by reducing hormone levels and insulin resistance.
March 2024 in “International journal of life-sciences scientific research/SSR Institute of International Journal of Life Sciences” PCOS has many symptoms, with high androgen levels being the most common.
5 citations,
February 2019 in “Neuroscience letters” Hormones during puberty increase certain receptors in the brain, and this change is influenced by estrogen levels.
36 citations,
October 2016 in “Bone” A male with aromatase deficiency improved bone health with estradiol treatment.
1 citations,
May 2023 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Autism's genetics are linked with early age of puberty and less hair loss, but not with hormone levels or polycystic ovary syndrome.
125 citations,
January 1999 in “Drugs” Finasteride effectively treats baldness but may cause sexual side effects.