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Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Mutations in the SRD5A3 gene cause a new type of glycosylation disorder by blocking the production of a molecule necessary for protein glycosylation.

Exposure to too much androgen before birth might cause polycystic ovary syndrome later in life.

Insulin resistance is a key factor in polycystic ovary syndrome, but genetics may also contribute.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin.

Pectin biosynthesis is essential for the growth of cotton fibers and Arabidopsis root hairs.

Men's sensitivity to male hormones might affect how severe COVID-19 gets for them.

Melatonin helps regulate hair growth and protects the hair follicle from stress.

Inherited ichthyoses cause widespread skin scaling and thickening due to gene mutations.

Minoxidil promotes hair growth but stops working when discontinued.

Zizyphus jujuba essential oil can promote hair growth.

Women with PCOS who have low SHBG are more likely to have low good cholesterol and metabolic syndrome.

Ginseng, especially red ginseng, helps hair grow by increasing blood flow and energy to hair roots.

Brain hormones significantly affect hair color and could potentially be used to prevent or reverse grey hair.

Antiandrogens, particularly flutamide and CPA, are most effective for treating hirsutism, with long-term use needed for best results.

Flutamide reduces hair growth better but has more side effects.

The protein StAR is found in 17 different organs and can affect hair loss and brain functions, but its full role is not yet fully understood.

Natural 5α-reduced glucocorticoids might be anti-inflammatory with fewer side effects than current options.

Quercetin may help with PCOS symptoms, but more research is needed.

Apigenin may help promote hair growth and could treat hair loss.

Behavioral dermatology treats skin problems by considering both emotional and physical factors.

Lower hair zinc and copper levels found in Turkish males with hair loss; higher BMI linked to less hair zinc.

Barley extract, specifically procyanidin B-3, can promote hair growth and counteract growth inhibition.

Androgens like testosterone are important hormones for both men and women, made differently in each sex and affecting the body by regulating genes and quick interactions with cell components.

Minoxidil boosts enzymes that help hair growth.

Some Middle Eastern plants may help treat diabetes and could be alternatives to current drugs, but more research is needed.

Certain substances that block a specific protein help promote hair growth.

The document concludes that while lab results for hair growth promotion are promising, human trials are needed and better testing methods should be developed.

Exercise improves insulin sensitivity and hormone regulation in PCOS rats.

Finasteride potentially treats hair loss by reducing DHT production.