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Genes linked to wool fineness in sheep have been identified.

The document concludes that inflammation markers can be used in diabetes, vitamin D3 affects immune pathways, hyperthyroidism changes hormone levels, androgen levels help diagnose Adrenocortical Carcinoma, erectile dysfunction is linked to diabetes, hypogonadism is common in HIV-infected males, and hormones can be biomarkers for various conditions.

Testosterone replacement therapy helps manage deficiency and has various methods, but requires careful monitoring to avoid side effects.

Women with excessive hair growth tend to have shorter index and ring fingers compared to others.

Male-pattern hair loss is largely influenced by genetics, with key genes identified.

Men, especially older ones with health issues like prostate cancer, may have worse COVID-19 outcomes and could benefit from therapies targeting male hormones.

Androgen use may increase the risk of stroke, but more research is needed.

Athletes use steroids to enhance performance despite health risks and legal issues, and education on their dangers is needed.

Shift work disrupts the body's natural clock, leading to health problems.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Chinese women with PCOS have higher androgen levels, which change with age and weight.

PCOS symptoms change with age; younger women have higher androgen levels and less metabolic issues, while older women face more metabolic challenges despite milder PCOS symptoms.

Women with PCOS who have low SHBG are more likely to have low good cholesterol and metabolic syndrome.

Using steroids can increase the risk of heart problems.

Smoking increases early hair loss risk in men; quitting may help prevent it.

Taking Saw palmetto and Pygeum africana can change the levels of certain steroids in urine, which could cause confusion in doping tests.

People with pemphigus are more likely to have conditions like hypothyroidism, inflammatory bowel disease, and diabetes.

Most dogs with alopecia had higher than normal levels of certain hormones, but hair loss might not always be linked to these hormone changes.

Spironolactone is better than placebo for reducing excessive hair growth in women, but its effectiveness for acne is unclear due to small study sizes.

Tacrolimus causes fewer acute rejections than cyclosporin A in kidney transplants but doesn't necessarily improve kidney function after one year; cardiovascular risks and side effects vary between the two drugs.

Finasteride reduces alcohol withdrawal effects, especially in female mice.

Women with PCOS often have sleep problems, including sleep apnea, which are linked to obesity and depression.

Eyebrow loss in frontal fibrosing alopecia is common and may be linked to other health issues.

Men with coeliac disease may have hormone imbalances that could affect sexual function, but these can improve with better gut health.

Methotrexate reduced the need for steroids in asthma patients without worsening their condition.

The structure of SRD5A reveals how it reduces steroids, aiding drug design for related health conditions.

Postpartum depression is linked to changes in brain chemicals, inflammation, stress, and certain genes, and can potentially be identified by markers like specific steroids, serotonin levels, and vitamin D levels.

PFS and PSSD are similar conditions with persistent sexual dysfunction after stopping medication.

Infertile men are more likely to produce sperm with abnormal chromosome numbers, which can affect pregnancy success and embryo health.

Scientists have developed a new method to detect steroid abuse in athletes using cell-based tests, which could be the future of anti-doping methods.