Distinctive Acne Entities

The document from 2019 discusses various forms of acne that occur outside the typical adolescent period, highlighting that acne can persist or appear for the first time in adulthood due to hormonal changes, external factors, or substance use. It details acne neonatorum, acne infantum, prepubertal acne, adult acne, and acne associated with hormonal changes such as menstrual cycles, pregnancy, and menopause, as well as acne induced by bodybuilding supplements and anabolic-androgenic steroids. The prevalence of adult acne is noted to be about one fourth to one third of adult women, with a French study reporting a 42.3% prevalence among pregnant women. The document also discusses postmenopausal acne, which is characterized by low-grade acne with small, closed comedones and sparse papulopustules, and bodybuilding or doping acne, which can lead to severe inflammatory and scarring acne. It emphasizes the importance of appropriate treatment for these conditions, which may include topical retinoids, keratolytic agents, and systemic medications, while considering potential risks and side effects.