Acne and Sebaceous Gland Function

    September 2004 in “ Clinics in dermatology ”
    Christos C. Zouboulis
    TLDR Effective acne treatments should reduce sebum, bacteria, and inflammation, with isotretinoin being the best for severe cases.
    The document discussed the development and function of sebaceous glands, their role in acne, and the impact of inflammation and cytokines on acne vulgaris. Sebaceous glands, which develop from hair follicles, secrete a lipid mixture that includes squalene, wax esters, and triglycerides. High levels of DHEA in infants and prepubertal children were linked to acne due to its proinflammatory properties. Inflammation in acne vulgaris was primarily attributed to an immunologic reaction to P. acnes. Studies showed that IL-1α induced hypercornification in comedones, which could be counteracted by IL-1 receptor antagonists. Isotretinoin was highlighted as an effective treatment for reducing sebaceous gland size and sebum production, significantly impacting acne management.
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