February 1999 in “The anatomical record” This study observed defects in hair cuticle cross-linking in some, but not all, mouse mutants with sparse or structurally unsound hair.
This study found that hair germ and epidermal basal cells differ in keratin expressions in rat hair tissues, with hair-specific keratins appearing after the differentiation of each layer.
August 1989 in “Proceedings ... annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America/Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America” This microscopy study examined the non-keratinous regions of human hair fibers, revealing detailed morphology that could help understand how external influences affect hair structure.
January 1963 in “Stain technology” This study describes a staining technique that differentiates medullary from cortical keratin in sheep and goat hair using Ziehl-Neelsen's carbol-fuchsin in skin biopsy sections.
June 2023 in “Experimental dermatology” This study found that pubic hair from Korean males has a thicker cuticle layer with more scales compared to scalp hair, offering better protection against chemical damage, and hypothesizes this evolved as a defense mechanism against exposure to urine and ammonia.
June 2017 in “University of the Arts London Research Online (University of the Arts London)” This study compared the effects of three compounds on structural and sensory benefits for bleached hair when applied with or after bleaching, observing that their application may mitigate bleaching-induced damage.
November 2015 in “Summit (Simon Fraser University)” In this study, significant changes in hair fiber dimensions were observed between pre- and post-operative states in males undergoing abdominal surgery, with values normalizing by the fourth post-operative week.
January 2014 in “한국미용학회지” This study observed that long-term UV-A exposure and semi-permanent dye treatment can cause significant structural damage to human hair, particularly affecting the cuticle and cortex layers.
March 2010 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” This study found that both epithelial and hair keratins are expressed in beard hair medulla cells, exhibiting unique patterns and interactions distinct from other hair follicle and epithelial cells.
January 2008 in “대한미용학회지” This study reports that prolonged UV irradiation causes progressive damage to the hair's keratin structure, leading to increased surface roughness, cuticle destruction, and decreased tensile strength in young women’s hair.
December 1988 in “Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia” In this study, eight healthy dogs showed hair and skin damage, including hair shaft fractures and skin irritation, after repeated application of Clairol Hair Dye Flaxen Blonde.
272 citations
,
September 2001 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” This study cataloged human type II hair keratins, detailing their expression and differentiation roles in hair follicles and comparing them with type I keratins to explore keratin-pairing principles.
126 citations
,
January 1987 in “Current topics in developmental biology/Current Topics in Developmental Biology” Different keratin proteins are expressed in various epithelial cells at different stages, affecting cell structure and function.
95 citations
,
September 1979 in “Acta Paediatrica” This study found that serum DHEA levels increase earlier and are higher in girls compared to boys through various stages of puberty, reflecting their earlier pubertal development.
93 citations
,
May 1990 in “The EMBO Journal” Mice with extra sheep genes had hair that fell out and regrew in cycles.
84 citations
,
April 2015 in “Cosmetics” This review discusses various types of hair dyes, their mechanisms of action, molecular structures, application methods, and formulation aspects, but reports no new research findings.
70 citations
,
February 2007 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” K39 and K40 are the last keratins expressed in hair development, completing the hair keratin catalog.
49 citations
,
July 2006 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study observed that calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe is composed of tumor cells that differentiate into both hair cortex and outer root sheath, supporting its hair follicle origin.
47 citations
,
November 2007 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” This review discusses how various factors, including cosmetic procedures and scalp conditions, can damage hair, but highlights the availability of products to improve hair health; it reports no new empirical results.
44 citations
,
August 2010 in “The veterinary clinics of North America. Exotic animal practice” This article reviews common endocrine neoplasms in domestic ferrets and discusses diagnosis and medical treatment options, reporting no new research findings.
42 citations
,
September 1985 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study found that trichothiodystrophic hair shows reduced and disoriented protein deposition in follicles, with both the cuticle and cortex affected, providing localized structural insights into keratin abnormalities.
40 citations
,
March 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study visualized mitochondrial metabolism in cultured bovine hair follicles and plucked human hairs, finding that ROS and mitochondrial polarization correlate in specific hair follicle regions, particularly near keratin deposition sites.
40 citations
,
November 1998 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study found that the S100A3 gene is exclusively expressed in hair follicle cells differentiating into hair shaft components in mice, suggesting its important role in hair formation.
38 citations
,
January 2014 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” This study found that Krtap11-1 may play an important role in keratin-bundle assembly in the hair cortex, influencing the physical properties of hair.
36 citations
,
January 2018 in “Scientific reports” This study observed that dietary intake of glucoraphanin during juvenile and adolescent stages prevented cognitive deficits and abnormal gene expressions in the brain of adult offspring exposed to maternal immune activation, potentially implicating centrosome-related genes in the development of psychosis.
36 citations
,
July 1988 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Pili annulati is caused by a protein metabolism disorder affecting hair structure.
35 citations
,
May 2022 in “Baillière's best practice and research in clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Baillière's best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism” This review discusses the current understanding of androgen biosynthesis, mechanisms of action, and their roles in human biology, as well as related congenital and acquired disorders, but it reports no new research findings.
35 citations
,
August 2009 in “Differentiation” This study found that transcription factors HOXC13, LEF1, and FOXN1 repress DSG4 transcription, with the Notch pathway possibly involved in maintaining DSG4 expression in hair follicles.
34 citations
,
December 1984 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” This study observed that the thinning and structural abnormalities in monilethrix-affected hair occur at the internodes due to possible periodic dysfunction of the hair matrix, particularly in the cortex.
34 citations
,
August 1966 in “Experimental cell research” This study examined developing hair cortex with electron microscopy and found that keratin fibrils form between specific regions in hair follicles and aggregate into twisted cables.