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The guideline suggests using specific criteria to diagnose PCOS, recommends various treatments for its symptoms, and advises screening for related health issues.

Melatonin affects many body functions beyond sleep by interacting with specific receptors in various tissues.

The European Society of Endocrinology advises individualized long-term management for PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes, accurate diagnosis, and treatments for associated health risks and symptoms.

Testosterone is important for men's sexual function, may help some women's sexual desire, while other hormones and neurotransmitters also play complex roles in sexual behavior.

Cushing's syndrome can cause serious health problems, and early treatment is crucial, but some issues may remain after treatment.

Childhood obesity is rising globally due to various factors, and early prevention and healthy lifestyle changes are crucial.

Stem cell niches are crucial for regulating stem cell behavior and tissue health, and their decline can impact aging and cancer.

Biomaterials with MSC-derived substances could improve tissue repair and have advantages over direct cell therapy.

Eating less sugar, milk, and saturated fats and more vegetables and fish may help treat and prevent acne.

Interferon, especially alfa interferon, is an effective treatment for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with manageable side effects.

Pure carbon nanotubes are safe for mice, but impure ones cause immune issues and hair loss.

Mouflon rams mature gradually with changes in body, horns, and hormones linked to age and seasons, reaching full sexual maturity well after puberty.

Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.

Stress hormone corticosterone blocks a growth factor to slow down hair stem cell activity and hair growth.

The document concludes that early recognition and treatment of PCOS in adolescents is crucial for managing symptoms and long-term health risks.

Nanoparticles around 600-700 nm can effectively enter and stay in hair follicles for days, which may help in delivering drugs to specific cells.

Graft-versus-host disease is a complication where donor immune cells attack the recipient's body, often affecting the skin, liver, and gastrointestinal tract.

The document concludes that the skin's immune system is complex, involving interactions with hair follicles, nerves, and microbes, and can protect or cause disease, offering targets for new treatments.

Athletes use steroids to enhance performance despite health risks and legal issues, and education on their dangers is needed.

Skin bacteria, specifically Staphylococcus aureus, help in wound healing and hair growth by using IL-1β signaling. Using antibiotics on skin wounds can slow down this natural healing process.

Despite progress in treatment, the exact cause of Alopecia areata is still unknown.

*Acorus calamus* has many medicinal benefits but needs more safety research.

Special immune cells called Regulatory T cells help control skin inflammation and repair in various skin diseases.

Cysteine helps maintain keratin production in skin cells even when iron is low.

Gene therapy has potential as a future treatment for Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome.

The document concludes that understanding hair follicle cell cycles is crucial for hair growth and alopecia research, and recommends specific techniques and future research directions.

Cyclosporine A can reduce inflammation in dogs with sebaceous adenitis, but ongoing treatment is needed.

New skin substitutes for treating severe burns and chronic wounds are being developed, but a permanent solution for deep wounds is not yet available commercially.

Calcium is important for stem cell function and maintenance, especially in blood and skin cells.

Macrophage-stimulating protein helps hair grow and can start hair growth phase in mice and human hair samples.