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Alopecia areata has a complex genetic basis that was not fully understood as of 2001.

New treatments for hair loss show promise but need more research to confirm safety and effectiveness.

Hair loss in three Southeast Asian women with kidney failure may be linked to their anemia treatment with erythropoietin.

The document concludes that treatments for female hair loss and excess body hair are available, but managing expectations is important.

Hormonal therapy is a treatment option for acne, the only medical treatment for hirsutism, and the most promising for androgenetic alopecia.

Two women with very high androgen levels had only slight skin issues, one due to a non-classical adrenal disorder and the other due to an adrenal tumor.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition in women that can cause metabolic, reproductive, and psychological issues, and requires lifestyle changes and medication for management.

Androgens can cause hair growth in some areas and hair loss on the scalp.

Norgestimate is the most effective birth control progestin for reducing an enzyme linked to acne and excessive hair growth in women.

Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.

Androgens cause skin issues like acne and hair growth in women, often due to PCOS, and can be treated with medication and lifestyle changes.

Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.

Nanomaterials in biomedicine can improve treatments but may have risks like toxicity, needing more safety research.

Caucasian and Asian women with PCOS generally show similar symptoms, except Asian women have less chest hair.

Detailed patient history and physical exams are crucial for diagnosing hair loss.

Ultraviolet rays damage hair, smoking may cause hair loss, and good nutrition is important for hair health, but genetics mainly decide hair thickness.

Different drugs can treat high male hormone levels in women, but they have various effects and some may harm a fetus.

Finasteride helps hair growth but may cause sexual side effects and depression.

Clomiphene citrate improves fertility in men taking finasteride for hair loss.

Some skin conditions may increase the risk of heart disease, but are not yet included in cardiovascular prevention guidelines.

The document explains hair and nail biology, common hair loss conditions and treatments, oral and genital skin diseases, and the risks and treatments associated with squamous cell carcinoma.

Antiandrogens and androgen inhibitors like spironolactone, finasteride, and dutasteride can treat hair loss and skin conditions, but they have risks and side effects, including potential harm to pregnant women and risks of cancer and heart issues. Herbal remedies also have antiandrogenic effects but lack safety validation.

Leflunomide is effective for rheumatoid arthritis but has significant side effects.

Androgens like testosterone affect skin health and can lead to conditions such as acne and hair loss, with various treatments available.

Skin issues can indicate immune system problems.

The report concludes that PCOS is mainly a condition of excess male hormones and its definition may change as new information is discovered.

Doxil is an effective, modified chemotherapy drug with a unique toxicity profile and shows promise in treating certain cancers.

Chemotherapy can cause various skin reactions, with hair loss being the most common, and proper diagnosis and treatment of these reactions are important.

Insulin resistance and obesity are key factors in the development and worsening of polycystic ovary syndrome, and lifestyle changes are important for managing it.

Hair follicles may soon be used more for targeted and systemic drug delivery.