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Discoid lupus erythematosus involves immune activation and fibrosis around hair follicles, with shared pathways across humans, dogs, and mice, suggesting potential treatments for both humans and animals.

This study used spatial transcriptomics to investigate T cell-hair follicle interactions in cutaneous lupus erythematosus across mice, dogs, and humans, finding that CXCR3+ T cells and B cells are enriched in lesional skin, with implications for potential therapeutic targets.

This study found that pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic mechanisms, specifically involving granzyme B and Fas pathways, are associated with chronic alopecia areata, indicating their potential role in the disease's persistence.

Alopecia areata involves complex immune cell interactions, especially between CD8+ T cells and macrophages, which could help develop new treatments.

This study found that treatment with EGFR inhibitors or mitogen-activated kinase inhibitors may compromise the immune privilege of human scalp hair follicles, suggesting new directions for managing drug-induced folliculitis.

This study found that Baricitinib significantly reduced hair loss and immune response in a mouse model of alopecia areata.

This study found that epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors used in cancer treatment induce a distinct inflammatory response in hair follicles, marked by immune privilege collapse and upregulation of inflammatory pathways.

This study suggests that allergens like linalool found in personal care products may contribute to the pathobiology of frontal fibrosing alopecia by affecting immune responses and stem cell function in hair follicles.

Linalool in personal care products may worsen frontal fibrosing alopecia by damaging hair follicle stem cells and triggering harmful immune responses.

This study found that in alopecia areata, treatment with the oral JAK-inhibitor tofacitinib decreased clonally expanded CD8⁺ T cells in the scalp, but many expanded clones did not completely disappear, potentially leading to relapse after stopping treatment.

This study suggests that SOCS3 treatment may effectively inhibit alopecia areata by suppressing CD8+ T cell activity and IFN-γ production.

This study demonstrated that transcutaneous vaccination via cyanoacrylate skin surface stripping effectively induced both CD4 and CD8 T cell responses in humans, offering a promising alternative to intramuscular injection.

This background review discusses alopecia areata, highlighting the role of CD8+NKG2D+ T cells in hair follicle pathogenesis, and notes that the exact mechanisms causing hair loss remain unclear.

In this study, gene expression analysis of plucked hair follicles from scalp lesions was sufficient to differentiate chronic discoid lupus erythematosus from psoriasis and healthy controls, suggesting a non-invasive diagnostic potential.

In this study, researchers identified 19 genetic risk loci and highlighted 16 candidate causal genes, including immune-related ones, associated with polycystic ovary syndrome, emphasizing the role of specific immune cells like T cells and NK cells in its pathogenesis.

This study identified 19 genetic risk loci and 16 potential causal genes related to PCOS, highlighting the role of immune cell-specific mechanisms in its pathogenesis.

This article reports that cocaine injections can lead to skin lesions containing talc crystals at the sites of injection.

This review discusses recent advances in understanding alopecia areata's disease mechanisms and highlights JAK molecules as promising therapeutic targets, but reports no new clinical results; controlled trials are needed.

CD8+ T cells attack hair follicle stem cells, causing scarring and hair loss in Discoid Lupus.

In this case study, the progression of alopecia universalis in a Japanese man was linked to the involvement of Th1 and Th17 cells, suggesting an autoimmune mechanism.

This study found that UV radiation-induced fibroblast depletion in the skin is primarily due to a deregulated inflammatory response, with T cells aiding fibroblast survival under stress.

This case report documents the development of vitiligo-like lesions in a patient with autoimmune thyroiditis following the use of topical squaric acid dibutylester for alopecia.

The authors concluded that increasing regulatory T cells in patients with alopecia areata may improve hair follicle regeneration by reducing autoimmune responses, suggesting a potential new therapeutic approach since current treatments are often ineffective with high relapse rates.

This study identified "HTLV-1-associated lichenoid dermatitis" as a skin condition in HTLV-1-infected individuals, characterized by reactive eruptions associated with increased immunity toward infected CD4+ T cells.

This study demonstrated that in mice, the absence of Jagged-1 expression in skin-resident regulatory T cells significantly delays wound healing by reducing the accumulation of neutrophils, highlighting the role of Jagged-1 in coordinating immune cell recruitment during injury.

This study observed that dandruff-affected scalp skin has increased T-cell infiltration in the epidermis and a reduction in the hair follicle's physiological immune privilege, particularly in the suprabulbar outer root sheath area, indicating a distinct immune microenvironment compared to healthy scalp.

In this study, researchers observed elevated levels of epidermal γδ T cells, keratinocytes, and an upregulation of the BST2 gene among immune cells in C3H/HeJ mice with alopecia areata, suggesting a potential role in disease pathogenesis.

This review explores the shared pathogenesis of alopecia areata and vitiligo and compares treatment responses, noting that hair regrowth in alopecia areata occurs more rapidly than skin re-pigmentation in vitiligo, possibly due to differences in stem cell biology and treatment effects on melanocytes.

In this study, treatment with a 5a-reductase inhibitor increased CD8+ T cell infiltration in benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues, suggesting an impact on inflammatory responses.

This study demonstrates that T-cell responses in extensive alopecia areata scalp may be aberrantly regulated, with reduced cytokine production but activated phenotype, providing insight into the disease's immune mechanisms.