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Diabetes causes lasting cell dysfunctions, leading to serious complications even after blood sugar is controlled.

Valproic acid can rarely cause reversible nail discoloration.

Bariatric surgery patients need careful before and after surgery care for safety and long-term health.

The AUTS2 gene is linked to neurological disorders and may affect human brain development and cognition.

Women with PCOS are more than twice as likely to develop nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Minoxidil is mostly safe, but high doses can cause electrolyte imbalances and heart issues in dogs.

Looking at skin can help find and treat serious diseases early.

New treatments for skin conditions in children include a preferred drug for birthmark reduction, proactive creams for eczema and vitiligo, a safe psoriasis medication, and special tissues and socks for eczema and fungal infections.

Biologics for severe asthma have known side effects, but some new risks need more study.

Canine hypothyroidism can be linked to diabetes, requiring thorough testing for proper diagnosis.

MRI helps distinguish between pituitary adenomas and craniopharyngiomas, guides treatment for pediatric CNS tumors, and assesses rhinocerebral mucormycosis with a high mortality rate in transplanted patients.

The document concludes that sex hormones and related compounds have various effects on health, with both potential benefits and risks.

The document concludes that permanent hair loss conditions are complex, require early specific treatments, and "secondary permanent alopecias" might be a more accurate term than "secondary cicatricial alopecia."

Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss in men, while minoxidil treats hair loss in women.

The WNT signaling pathway is important in many diseases and targeting it could offer new treatments.

Adult female acne treatment should be personalized, considering individual preferences and pregnancy, using various topical and oral medications while managing side effects and resistance.

The document concludes that early diagnosis and treatment of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia are crucial for preventing serious health issues and improving patient outcomes.

S5αR inhibitors might help treat schizophrenia and other mental disorders but need more research.

The FOXN1 gene is crucial for developing immune cells and preventing immune disorders.

Isotretinoin's effects and side effects, like birth defects and depression, might be due to it causing cell death in various cells.

High doses of cyproterone acetate increase the risk of brain tumors in women, but the risk decreases after stopping the medication.

Genetics play a role in acne, but how exactly they contribute is not fully understood.

Adrenal disorders can cause lasting brain and behavior issues in children.

Isotretinoin effectively reduces acne but causes dry skin, higher skin pH, more redness, and hair loss.

Bariatric surgery may help severely obese teenagers but has risks and requires careful patient selection and long-term care.

Pregnancy can change skin disease severity, with some conditions improving and others worsening, and treatment should balance benefits and fetal safety.

The document concludes that new treatments are needed to better manage acne and reduce side effects related to current therapies.

Systemic retinoids are effective for psoriasis but have side effects; benefits may outweigh risks, especially when reducing cancer risks from other treatments.

Teriflunomide effectively reduces relapses and disability in MS and has a manageable safety profile.

Some chemicals absorbed through the skin can cause serious health problems.