186 citations
,
July 1998 in “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” This study found that shorter CAG-repeat lengths in the androgen receptor may be associated with the development of androgen-mediated skin disorders like androgenetic alopecia, acne, and hirsutism in both men and women.
44 citations
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January 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” This study suggests that androgen receptor gene CAG repeat length may influence serum free testosterone levels in some PCOS patients, with longer repeats associated with higher testosterone concentrations.
40 citations
,
January 2013 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Finger length ratios are not linked to the number of specific gene repeats affecting testosterone sensitivity.
37 citations
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January 2008 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” This study found that in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, shorter CAG repeat lengths in the androgen receptor gene were associated with lower dihydrotestosterone and androstenedione levels, but a higher prevalence of acne and hirsutism.
36 citations
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July 2014 in “Neuromuscular Disorders” This study investigated a patient with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy who had 68 CAG repeats, revealing early onset and unique symptoms not previously documented in the condition.
29 citations
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July 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” This review discusses the potential role of androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism testing in hypogonadism management for both sexes, but its clinical utility remains unclear and requires further investigation.
10 citations
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November 2010 in “Journal of Dermatology” In this study, the researchers reported that finasteride's efficacy in treating female pattern hair loss in Japanese patients was not predictable based on CAG repeat numbers in the androgen receptor gene.
9 citations
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September 2015 in “Reproductive Biomedicine Online” This study suggests that longer GGN repeat polymorphisms in the androgen receptor gene are associated with polycystic ovary syndrome in women.
7 citations
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July 2014 in “Reproductive Biomedicine Online” This study found that, among fertile egg donors, the AR gene CAG polymorphism was associated with differences in antral follicle count but did not impact ovarian response to gonadotrophins.
5 citations
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January 2016 in “Dermatology” This study found no significant difference in CAG repeat numbers of the androgen receptor gene between Han Chinese women with female pattern hair loss and healthy controls, suggesting it may not be a genetic marker for FPHL in this population.
1 citations
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January 2019 in “Journal of Research in Medical Sciences” This study found that a lower number of GGC sequences in the androgen receptor gene was associated with better clinical response to finasteride in male androgenetic alopecia patients.
July 2025 in “Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences” This study found no significant link between the length of CAG repeats in the AR gene and the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome in Iranian women.
In this study, the researchers found no significant link between CAG repeat numbers in the androgen receptor gene and female pattern hair loss in a Chinese population.
January 2009 in “Journal of Clinical Dermatology” This study suggests that variations in CAG repeat numbers in the androgen receptor gene may not significantly influence the risk of androgenetic alopecia in Korean males.
2 citations
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January 2008 in “Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)”
26 citations
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November 2009 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” This study found no significant difference in the CAG and GGN repeat lengths between infertile and fertile men in Nigeria, but identified a unique GGN allele distribution in the Nigerian population compared to Caucasians.
9 citations
,
March 2009 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” This study found that variations in the androgen receptor gene influenced memory function in women, with GGN repeat polymorphisms significantly affecting logical memory performance only in females.
7 citations
,
January 2019 in “Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii” This study found that the count of CAG trinucleotide repeats in the androgen receptor gene may be associated with acne in female patients without hyperandrogenism.
June 2023 in “International Journal of Research in Dermatology” In this study, Egyptian nodulocystic acne patients had significantly fewer CAG repeats in their androgen receptor gene compared to controls, which may influence acne development and suggest a role for antiandrogen therapy in treatment strategies.
This study suggests that androgen receptor CAG polymorphisms may not significantly influence androgenetic alopecia susceptibility in Korean men.
March 2017 in “European Urology Supplements” This study found that variations in (CAG)n and (GGN)n polymorphisms in the androgen receptor gene appear to influence symptom severity in men with post-finasteride syndrome.
93 citations
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June 2001 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” This study found that serum androgen levels in premenopausal women may be influenced by genetic variants of the androgen receptor and estrogen receptor β genes.
68 citations
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May 2011 in “European Journal of Dermatology” Acne is caused by genetics, diet, hormones, and bacteria, with treatments not yet curative.
65 citations
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September 2010 in “Journal of the Neurological Sciences” This article discusses Kennedy's disease, detailing its genetic cause, symptoms, and diagnostic criteria, but reports no new clinical findings and highlights a lack of causal therapy.
54 citations
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November 2001 in “Urology” This review discusses the association between androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism and several health conditions, including Kennedy’s disease and urologic disorders, without reporting new clinical results.
53 citations
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January 2006 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” In this study, reduced androgen receptor gene methylation and shorter CAG repeats in children with premature pubarche may lead to increased hair follicle sensitivity to steroid hormones, potentially causing early pubic hair development.
51 citations
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January 2003 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” This review discusses hormonal influences on hair growth and suggests that understanding hormone-gene interactions may improve treatment of hirsutism and alopecia, but reports no new clinical findings.
48 citations
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June 2014 in “Neurobiology of Disease” This study found that stem cells derived from spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy patients exhibited reduced androgen receptor levels and HDAC6, providing potential insights into the disease mechanism for future therapies.
45 citations
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November 2012 This review discusses the association between androgen receptor gene polymorphism and PCOS, reporting mixed findings on whether shorter or longer CAG repeats are linked to the disorder; it provides no new results and calls for further studies.
34 citations
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January 2000 in “Journal of Andrology” This study found no difference in CAG repeat length between Chinese and Australian men, refuting the hypothesis that this polymorphism and central prostate zone volume are markers of long-term androgen sensitivity.