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Stem cell therapies show promise for treating various diseases but face challenges in clinical use and require better monitoring techniques.

Cyproterone acetate is the preferred treatment for women's hyperandrogenism when estrogen/progestogen use is safe.

Astrotactin proteins are important for brain and skin development and are linked to several neurodevelopmental disorders.

Some conditions mimic PCOS symptoms and need careful diagnosis to treat potentially serious health issues.

Beige and leaden pigment genes act within melanocytes, affecting pigment patterns.

Human hair protein modifications could potentially indicate heart disease risk.

Different cell types work together to repair skin, and targeting them may improve healing and reduce scarring.

Biomaterials combined with stem cells show promise for improving tissue repair and medical treatments.

Most women with hirsutism have it because of PCOS, and they need long-term treatment including medication and hair removal to improve their condition.

PSA levels are higher in women with PCOS, but FAI is a more accurate marker for diagnosis.

The document concludes that combination therapy is most effective for treating excessive hair growth in women with idiopathic hirsutism, and more research is needed to understand the condition.

A woman with high testosterone and an adrenal nodule had an ovarian tumor causing her symptoms, which improved after the tumor was removed.

Hyaluronic acid filler can safely and effectively improve facial contour in Parry-Romberg Syndrome.

Prostaglandin eye drops for glaucoma can rarely cause too much cheek hair growth.

Football players can get many skin conditions from their sport, which need different treatments and can be prevented with good hygiene and protection.

Measuring plasma testosterone glucosiduronate is a reliable way to detect high male hormone levels in women.

Current therapies cannot fully regenerate adult skin without scars; more research is needed for scar-free healing.

Hormonal treatments like birth control pills can improve acne in women with excess hair growth and hormone imbalances.

Two women with very high androgen levels had only slight skin issues, one due to a non-classical adrenal disorder and the other due to an adrenal tumor.

The document concludes that gender-affirming treatments are essential for transgender individuals and outlines safe hormone therapy practices.

The document concludes that early and personalized treatment for PCOS in adolescents is crucial to manage symptoms and prevent long-term health issues.

Healthcare providers should start with simple fertility tests and treatments before referring patients to specialists.

Secondary amenorrhea has many causes and requires thorough evaluation to treat and restore menstrual cycles.

Anti-androgens are safe and effective for treating moderate to severe adult female acne.

Updated treatments for female hair loss include minoxidil, antiandrogens, hair transplants, and light therapy.

Medications for PCOS don't seem to raise heart disease risk.

Finasteride may improve stem cell therapy for heart attacks by increasing cell survival.

Acne in children varies by age and severity, requires a pediatric treatment approach, and may need diagnostic evaluation for underlying conditions.

The mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium gel improved burn healing and hair growth in rats better than other treatments.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.