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The vitamin D receptor is crucial for bone health and affects various body systems, with mutations potentially leading to disease.

The document concludes that PCOS is a complex disorder caused by both genetic and environmental factors, affecting women's health in various ways, and requires personalized treatment.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

Vitiligo is a skin condition causing white spots, more common in women, often starts before age 20, and can affect mental health.

Proteasome inhibitors are promising treatments for various cancers, autoimmune diseases, and other conditions.

Testosterone therapy increases bone density in older men with low testosterone levels.

The nanofibers with two growth factors improved wound healing by supporting structure, preventing infection, and aiding tissue growth.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin, which help protect and maintain it.

The conclusion is that using drugs to block the TOR pathway might slow aging and prevent age-related diseases.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition causing hair loss, influenced by genetics, stress, and diet, and may be prevented by a high soy oil diet.

The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.

New nanofiber technology improves wound healing by supporting cell growth and delivering treatments directly to the wound.

The Rotterdam Study updated its design and objectives in 2012, providing insights into various diseases in the elderly, including skin cancer, bone health, liver disease, neurological and psychiatric conditions, and respiratory issues.

Chitin and chitosan are useful in cosmetics for oral care, haircare, and skincare, including UV protection and strength improvement.

Guidelines suggest various treatments for alopecia areata, but leaving it untreated is also an option as 80% cases may recover on their own.

The skin is a complex barrier for drug penetration, but understanding its structure and interactions can improve drug delivery methods.

Male and female skin differ in many ways, which could lead to gender-specific skin treatments.

ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes are crucial for gene regulation, cell differentiation, and organ development in mammals.

Hair follicles significantly increase the speed and amount of caffeine absorbed through the skin.

Hair follicle stem cells are key for hair and skin regeneration, can be reprogrammed, and have potential therapeutic uses, but also carry a risk of cancer.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.

The niche environment controls stem cell behavior and plasticity, which is important for tissue health and repair.

Eating less sugar, milk, and saturated fats and more vegetables and fish may help treat and prevent acne.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and hair loss, but may cause side effects in some patients.

Exosomes could potentially enhance tissue repair and regeneration with lower rejection risk and easier production than live cell therapies.

Fat-derived stem cells show promise for skin repair and reducing aging signs but need more research for consistent results.

The conclusion is that PCOS is caused by ovarian sensitivity to hormones and disrupted hormone control, possibly due to ovarian factors, and more research is needed.

Oxidative stress contributes to hair graying and loss as we age.

Substances from Chinese medicines show promise for immune support and disease prevention, but the way they are processed affects their effectiveness.

Stem cell plasticity is crucial for wound healing but can also contribute to cancer development.