51 citations,
January 1989 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Men with male-pattern baldness have more androgen receptors in their scalp's oil glands, which may contribute to hair loss.
35 citations,
May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” The exact cause of increased 5α-reductase activity leading to hirsutism in women is still unknown.
227 citations,
January 1998 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Cells from balding scalps have more androgen receptors than cells from non-balding scalps.
24 citations,
January 1989 in “Archives of biochemistry and biophysics” Male rats have androgen receptors in their liver, which are different from proteins that bind estrogen.
29 citations,
January 2006 in “Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine” SHBG binding properties are unchanged in male liver cirrhosis patients.
8 citations,
January 1986 in “Journal of hepatology” Men with liver cancer have higher levels of a specific testosterone byproduct in their liver and blood, despite overall lower male hormone levels.
18 citations,
April 2011 in “International Journal of Molecular Medicine” Dihydrotestosterone causes p27 protein breakdown in ovarian and breast cancer cells by binding with SKP2.
7 citations,
October 2017 in “The Prostate” Baldness in men with prostate cancer is linked to higher levels of certain sex hormones, but chest hair density is not.
7 citations,
January 2003 in “Elsevier eBooks” Testosterone is crucial for development, growth, and various body functions in mammals.
143 citations,
October 1996 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Too much androgen can cause hair loss; finasteride may help.
4 citations,
April 1999 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Androgens, like DHT, affect hair growth and treatments like finasteride may help.
13 citations,
April 1994 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Androgen receptors found in monkey scalps, similar to humans, affect hair growth.
416 citations,
September 1997 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” People with hair loss have more androgen receptors and enzymes in certain follicles, with men and women showing different patterns.
54 citations,
February 1993 in “Endocrine reviews” Androgen conjugates might be better indicators of skin sensitivity to hormones in women with excessive hair growth.
23 citations,
January 2021 in “Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy” DHT stops hair regrowth in mice, similar to human hair loss.
14 citations,
December 2016 in “Sexual Medicine” Finasteride side effects in young men may be linked to specific gene variations.
4 citations,
October 1988 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is crucial for conditions like male-pattern baldness and acne, and measuring a byproduct, androstanediol glucuronide, is a better way to assess DHT's effects than DHT blood levels.
52 citations,
January 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride and spironolactone both reduce hirsutism, but finasteride lowers androgen levels more.
18 citations,
May 1992 in “American Journal of Biological Anthropology” Higher androgen levels do not cause baldness in men.
14 citations,
July 1987 in “Dermatologic Clinics” The document concludes that treating female hair loss should target reducing excess androgen and blocking its effects on hair follicles, with the best treatments being hormonal therapy, adrenal suppression, and topical minoxidil.
13 citations,
October 2002 in “Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods” Men with male-pattern baldness have higher levels of certain testosterone metabolites and may have more active androgen metabolism.
17 citations,
October 2003 in “Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research” The gene SDR5A1 is found in scalp hair of both hirsute and normal individuals, but it does not explain differences in hair growth.
57 citations,
May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Androstanediol glucuronide is a reliable marker for hirsutism in women.
13 citations,
June 1989 in “Pediatric clinics of North America/The Pediatric clinics of North America” The conclusion is that young women with excessive hair growth should be quickly tested for hormonal issues and treated to improve their social well-being.
53 citations,
October 1984 in “Endocrine reviews” Excessive hair growth in women often has no known cause and is not linked to race or other hormonal symptoms.
47 citations,
August 2000 in “Endocrine Reviews” The document concludes that more research is needed to understand excessive hair growth in women with normal hormone levels and regular ovulation.
28 citations,
August 2003 in “Steroids” Hirsute women have lower type 2 17β-HSD enzyme levels, which improve with treatment.
3 citations,
November 2015 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Testosterone can both promote hair growth and cause baldness by affecting hair growth signals.
April 2008 in “Obstetrics, gynaecology and reproductive medicine” Hirsutism is often caused by high male hormone levels and can be treated with lifestyle changes and medications.
Spironolactone with an oral contraceptive improved hair growth in women with hirsutism.