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Topical vitamin D is useful for some skin conditions but not effective for others, and more research is needed.

Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers should focus on signs of excess male hormones and not rely solely on ovarian ultrasound or irregular periods, and should be reassessed in adulthood.

Certain gene variations are not a major cause of male infertility in Nigerian men.

Men with balding at age 45 had higher IGF-1 and lower IGFBP-3, suggesting these factors might be important in male pattern baldness.

Sonidegib and vismodegib are similarly effective for advanced basal cell carcinoma, but sonidegib might have a slightly better safety profile.

Using 2% tofacitinib cream with narrowband ultraviolet B improved facial vitiligo by 70% in patients who didn't respond to previous treatments, with no side effects reported.

New melanoma treatments can cause skin side effects, including skin cancer and rashes, but combining treatments may reduce these risks.

Cavity macrophages gather on organ surfaces but don't really invade or help repair the organs after injury.

Some treatments like methotrexate with prednisone might help juvenile morphea, but more research is needed to confirm.

Thyroid diseases may contribute to autoimmune skin diseases, and more research is needed on their relationship.

Some growth factors, while important for normal body functions, can cause diseases when not regulated properly.

Finasteride has a higher risk of reproductive side effects than minoxidil.

Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is treatable, with behavioral therapy as a recommended first option and other treatments available for more severe cases.

Using microneedles before applying eflornithine cream can make it more effective at stopping hair growth.

The document concludes that understanding how adult stem and progenitor cells move is crucial for tissue repair and developing cell therapies.

Finasteride improves hair growth and reduces hirsutism in women, but side effects and optimal dosages need further research.

Permanent hair loss after bone marrow transplant can be caused by chemotherapy or chronic graft-versus-host disease.

Permanent hair loss from cicatricial alopecia is treated by reducing inflammation and managing symptoms, but regrowth in scarred areas is unlikely.

The Brazilian Society of Dermatology agrees that oral isotretinoin is effective for acne and other skin conditions, and it's safe when monitored, but more research is needed on dosing and duration.

Women have a higher risk of blood clots from hormonal factors and need careful treatment, especially during pregnancy.

Sebaceous glands play a key role in skin health, immunity, and various skin diseases.

Transgender patients need proper skin care, especially when undergoing hormone treatments, to manage issues like acne and hair loss.

The review highlights the need for more research on transgender dermatology, the role of dermatologists in gender affirmation, and the effects of hormone therapy on skin and hair.

People with Lichen planopilaris are more likely to have certain autoimmune and endocrine disorders but less likely to have conditions like allergies and diabetes.

Overweight smokers have worse hair loss.

Hormonal therapies help treat female hair loss, but results are slow and vary.

Cross-sex hormone therapy is important for managing gender dysphoria and requires careful monitoring and healthcare provider education.

Early-onset baldness is linked to a higher risk of aggressive prostate cancer in African-American men, especially before age 60.

A woman developed psoriasis after taking certolizumab pegol, improving after stopping the drug and starting other treatments.

Some diseases can improve the outcomes of other diseases, leading to new treatment possibilities.