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Spironolactone treatment increases the amount of testosterone available in the body.

Women with female pattern hair loss have higher levels of certain androgens, suggesting increased androgen exposure to hair follicles.

Testosterone therapy can modestly improve sexual function in menopausal women but should be used cautiously and is not recommended for routine measurement in sexual dysfunction or hirsutism.

Testosterone treatment can improve sexual function and bone density in women but may have adverse effects and requires more research on safety and guidelines.

The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.

The conclusion is that standardizing testosterone measurement methods is essential for better diagnosis accuracy in women.

Free Testosterone Index, bioavailable testosterone, and androstenedione are the most accurate for diagnosing excess male hormones in PCOS.

The woman's surgery lowered her testosterone and improved scalp hair loss but did not change her excessive body hair.

The conclusion is that young women with excessive hair growth should be quickly tested for hormonal issues and treated to improve their social well-being.

Advancements in male reproductive medicine are ongoing, but more research and improved treatments are needed in several areas.

Diagnosing hyperandrogenism in women is complex and requires accurate testing methods and consideration of SHBG levels.

The document concludes that accurate measurement of serum androgens is crucial for diagnosing hyperandrogenism.

Higher androgen levels do not cause baldness in men.

The document concludes that hormonal biomarkers are key for diagnosing hyperandrogenemia in women and hypogonadism in men.

Hair loss in women linked to higher sexual dysfunction risk.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Men and women experience skin aging differently due to changes in sex hormone levels with age.

Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.

Lifestyle changes can improve body composition, excess male hormone levels, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.

The document concludes that using LC-MS/MS for measuring androgens is more accurate than older methods, but it needs careful validation and standardized references to be most effective.

The document explains how male reproductive hormones work and affect the body.

Testosterone replacement can help women with low libido and mood, but they need to have enough estrogen first to avoid side effects.

Different drugs can treat high male hormone levels in women, but they have various effects and some may harm a fetus.

Oral contraceptives help treat hyperandrogenic disorders, improving symptoms like excessive hair and acne.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is common but often undiagnosed, and early treatment is important to prevent health problems.

Hair loss in women can be slowed with treatment, but more research needed for better solutions.

Early diagnosis and treatment of PCOS in teenagers can help prevent more severe adult PCOS.

The document concludes that treatments for female hair loss and excess body hair are available, but managing expectations is important.

Eating a high inositol diet significantly improves insulin resistance and hormone levels in women with PCOS.

Androgen replacement therapy can improve libido and mood in women with severe androgen deficiency, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.