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Skin development in mammals is controlled by key proteins and signals from underlying cells, involving stem cells for maintenance and repair.

Changes to the Foxp3 protein affect how well regulatory T cells can control the immune system, which could help treat immune diseases and cancer.

A certain smell receptor in hair follicles can affect hair growth when activated by a synthetic sandalwood scent.

The TGF-β family helps control how cells change and move, affecting skin, hair, and organ development.

Certain genes control the color of human hair by affecting pigment production.

The tumor suppressor gene FLCN affects mitochondrial function and energy use in cells.

Fat tissue stem cells may help increase hair growth.

Muscles and nerves that cause goosebumps also help control hair growth.

Environmental factors, hormones, nutrition, and stress all significantly affect skin health and aging.

Mesenchymal stem cells show potential for skin healing and anti-aging, but more research is needed for safe use, especially regarding stem cells from induced pluripotent sources.

Dermal Papilla cells are a promising tool for evaluating hair growth treatments.

Mutations in Gasdermin A3 cause skin inflammation and hair loss by disrupting mitochondria.

Hormones, especially androgens, play a key role in acne, which can be a symptom of systemic diseases like PCOS and may require targeted treatment.

Beta-sitosterol has potential health benefits but needs more research to fully understand its effects and improve its use in treatments.

The protein folliculin, involved in a rare disease, works with another protein to control how cells stick together and their organization, and changes in this interaction can lead to disease symptoms.

TRH stimulates human hair growth and extends the hair growth phase.

Progress has been made in skin and nerve regeneration, but more research is needed to improve methods and ensure safety.

mTOR signaling helps activate hair stem cells by balancing out the suppression caused by BMP during hair growth.

Insulin resistance may contribute to various skin diseases and treating it could improve skin health and prevent more serious conditions.

Acne is a chronic disease linked to various systemic conditions and has significant psychological and social effects.

Fat-derived stem cells, platelet-rich plasma, and biomaterials show promise for healing chronic skin wounds and improving soft tissue with few side effects.

Electrospun nanofibers show promise for enhancing blood vessel growth in tissue engineering but need further research to improve their effectiveness.

Treatment with plasma rich in growth factors improved hair density and thickness for hair loss patients.

Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.

Air pollution (PM10) increases skin inflammation and aging by reducing collagen and may trigger a repair response in skin cells.

Nuclear hormone receptors play a significant role in skin wound healing and could lead to better treatment methods.

The document concludes that targeting the androgen receptor may be a promising breast cancer treatment, especially for certain types.

Abnormal Hedgehog signaling in blood cancers may help tumors grow and resist chemotherapy, suggesting potential for targeted treatments.

Acne is caused by genetics, diet, hormones, and bacteria, with treatments not yet curative.

Shrinking skin cancer increases the chance of cancer in nearby lymph nodes.