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    Glossary African hair

    characterized by tight curls or coils, often type 4

    African hair, also known as Afro-textured hair, is characterized by its tight curls or coils, which can range from a soft, fine texture to a coarse, wiry one. This hair type, often referred to as type 4 hair in the hair typing system, tends to be more prone to dryness and shrinkage due to its structure, which makes it more challenging for natural oils to travel down the hair shaft.

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    1. Ceramide binding to African–American hair fibre correlates with resistance to hair breakage International Journal of Cosmetic Science · 2002 · 45 citations
    2. Association of type 2 diabetes with central-scalp hair loss in a large cohort study of African American women International Journal of Women's Dermatology · 2019 · 16 citations
    3. Managing the hair and skin of African American pediatric patients Journal of pediatric health care · 1999 · 6 citations
    4. Central hair loss in African American women: Incidence and potential risk factors Yearbook of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery · 2012
    5. Hair Density in African Americans Archives of Dermatology · 1999 · 129 citations
    6. Central hair loss in African American women: Incidence and potential risk factors Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology · 2010 · 76 citations
    7. Technical Considerations for Follicular Unit Extraction in African-American Hair Dermatologic Surgery · 2013 · 6 citations
    8. Cuticular damage to African–American hair during relaxer treatments – A microfluorometric and SEM Study International Journal of Cosmetic Science · 2009 · 3 citations
    9. ‘A detective look’ at hair biopsies from African-American patients British Journal of Dermatology · 2012 · 40 citations
    10. Hair care practices and scalp/hair disease in African American girls Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology · 2011 · 4 citations
    11. Hair care practices and their association with scalp and hair disorders in African American girls Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2011 · 1 citations
    12. Hair cortisol concentration and glycated hemoglobin in African American adults Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2016 · 30 citations
    13. The impact of hair care practices and attitudes toward hair management on exercise habits in African American women Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology · 2014 · 1 citations
    14. Hair care practices and their association with scalp and hair disorders in African American girls Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology · 2010 · 59 citations
    15. Using My Body, Using My Labor: Exploring The Relationship Between African American Women And Chronic Hair Pulling Behavior Counseling And Psychological Services Dissertations (Georgia State University) · 2022
    16. Collecting Hair Samples for Hair Cortisol Analysis in African Americans Journal of Visualized Experiments · 2018 · 44 citations
    17. An unusual case of trichotillomania and trichophagia associated with authentic hair extension as seen in a young African-American female adult Discover Psychology · 2022
    18. Sex-specific associations between loneliness and hair cortisol among older African American adults Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026
    19. Hair care practices and structural evaluation of scalp and hair shaft parameters in African American and Caucasian women Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2015 · 25 citations
    20. A retrospective clinical and laboratory analysis including vitamin D and antinuclear antibodies in central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia and nonscarring alopecia in African Americans Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2024 · 2 citations
    21. Differentiating central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia and androgenetic alopecia in african american men: report of three cases. PubMed · 2012 · 2 citations
    22. Management of definitive alopecia in African Americans 2015
    23. Temporal Triangular Alopecia: Report of an African‐American Child with TTA Misdiagnosed as Refractory Tinea Capitis Pediatric Dermatology · 2002 · 13 citations
    24. Alopecia Areata in Skin of Color: Trichoscopic Analysis in Black/African American Patients Journal of Drugs in Dermatology · 2025 · 1 citations
    25. Annals of General Psychiatry An unusual case of trichotillomania and trichophagia in a young African American female adult Research Square (Research Square) · 2022
    26. Understanding breakage in curly hair 2015 · 12 citations
    27. Ethnic hair and skin: what is the state of the science? Clinics in Dermatology · 2002 · 2 citations
    28. Evaluation of Hair Density in Different Ethnicities in a Healthy American Population Using Quantitative Trichoscopic Analysis Skin Appendage Disorders · 2017 · 31 citations
    29. Alopecia After Switch to Tenofovir Alafenamide in 6 African American Women Open Forum Infectious Diseases · 2019 · 5 citations
    30. Short anagen syndrome in an African American woman Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology · 2010 · 10 citations