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GlossaryAlkylating Agents

chemotherapy drugs that damage DNA to kill cancer cells

Alkylating agents are a type of chemotherapy drug that work by adding an alkyl group to the DNA of cancer cells, which interferes with their ability to replicate and ultimately leads to cell death. These agents are used to treat various types of cancer, but they can also affect normal cells, leading to side effects such as hair loss (alopecia).

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research Alkylating Agents: History and Effects in Chemotherapy

November 2013

Alkylating agents can kill cancer cells but may cause skin and allergic reactions.

research Adverse Cutaneous Reactions to Chemotherapeutic Agents and Cytokine Therapy

18 citations, December 1996 in “Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery”

Chemotherapy and cytokine therapy can cause various skin reactions, including hair loss and hypersensitivity.

research Permanent Diffuse Alopecia After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Childhood

16 citations, March 2017 in “Bone Marrow Transplantation”

Some children who had stem cell transplants developed permanent hair loss, especially when treated with a drug called busulphan.

research Chemically Induced Depigmentation of Skin and Hair

January 1990 in “Springer eBooks”

Some chemicals can permanently or temporarily remove color from skin and hair, which can be distressing and is not well-regulated in cosmetics.

research Chemotherapy in Gynecologic Malignancy

March 1965 in “Hospital Topics”

Chemotherapy provides symptom relief and extends life in 30-50% of gynecological cancer cases, but has only cured choriocarcinoma.

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