Role of Vitamin D and Calcium Signaling in Epidermal Wound Healing

This review highlights the importance of vitamin D and calcium signaling in the process of epidermal wound healing, focusing on the role they play in the activation and function of stem cells in the epidermis and hair follicles. It is shown that vitamin D and calcium receptors (VDR and CaSR) are crucial for stem cells to effectively respond to wounds, as their deletion leads to slower wound healing. The review also notes that vitamin D regulates the VDR through co-regulators like the Med 1 complex and interacts with other transcription factors such as beta-catenin and p63. The formation of the E-cadherin/catenin complex, stimulated by vitamin D and calcium, is essential for the stem cells' activation, migration, and re-epithelialization during wound repair. The review concludes that deficiencies in vitamin D and calcium can lead to delayed healing or chronic wounds, which are significant health concerns due to their impact on morbidity, productivity, and healthcare costs.