Mechanical and Immunological Regulation in Wound Healing and Skin Reconstruction

In the past decade, significant advances in mechanobiology and immunology have opened new possibilities for scarless wound healing. The study highlighted the role of mechanical stress signals and immune responses in determining wound healing modes, as observed in certain species and developmental stages. Tissue engineering technology has advanced to produce human skin equivalents and organoids that mimic cell interactions and tissue homeostasis, allowing for better evaluation of skin morphology, functionality, drug response, and wound healing. These developments have the potential to enhance understanding of wound healing control mechanisms through complex mechanobiological and immunological interactions. The review discussed recent studies on biomechanical and immunological mechanisms in wound healing and tissue remodeling, and the potential of next-generation human skin equivalents to elucidate these control mechanisms.