195 citations
,
June 2005 in “American Journal of Human Genetics” Genetic variation in the androgen receptor gene mainly causes early-onset hair loss, with maternal inheritance playing a key role.
76 citations
,
April 2005 in “Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention” This study found that the AR-E211 A allele is associated with a lower risk of both metastatic prostate cancer and androgenetic alopecia in an Australian population.
10 citations
,
January 2005 in “Dermatology” This review discusses possible links between certain skin conditions and elevated coronary disease risk, but reports no new results and highlights methodological flaws in existing studies.
203 citations
,
December 2004 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This article reviews the historical developments in understanding and treating male pattern hair loss, emphasizing the role of dihydrotestosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors, but reports no new clinical findings.
397 citations
,
February 2004 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This article reviews the mechanisms by which minoxidil stimulates hair growth and reports no new clinical findings.
71 citations
,
January 2004 in “Dermatology” This study found that oral finasteride was more effective than 5% topical minoxidil in treating mild to severe androgenetic alopecia in males, with both treatments deemed effective and safe over 12 months.
191 citations
,
December 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Male pattern baldness is largely genetic, linked to the androgen receptor gene, and may relate to certain health issues.
38 citations
,
June 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” This review summarizes existing research on the use of finasteride for treating androgenetic alopecia in men, reporting its effectiveness at 1 mg/day and a strong safety profile, but presents no new findings.
190 citations
,
October 2002 in “The FASEB journal” In this study, androgen did not affect keratinocyte growth in coculture with androgenetic alopecia-derived dermal papilla cells, but did significantly suppress keratinocyte growth when androgen receptor was overexpressed in the papilla cells.
269 citations
,
August 2002 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This study found that 5% topical minoxidil significantly increased hair regrowth and improved psychosocial perceptions of hair loss in men with androgenetic alopecia compared to 2% topical minoxidil and placebo over 48 weeks.
157 citations
,
July 2001 in “British Journal of Dermatology” In this study, the prevalence of androgenetic alopecia among Korean men and women was found to be lower than in caucasians, with Korean men showing more frontal hairline preservation and a higher incidence of 'female pattern' hair thinning.
299 citations
,
March 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that specific genetic markers near the androgen receptor gene are significantly more common in men with male pattern baldness, suggesting a genetic component in its development.
66 citations
,
January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” This study suggests that the paradoxical effects of androgens on hair growth are due to differential gene expression in hair follicles, possibly established during embryogenesis.
231 citations
,
December 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that the volume of a hair follicle's dermal papilla is strongly correlated with its size, primarily due to the number of cells it contains and the volume of extracellular matrix.
115 citations
,
November 1999 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, men using 2% and 5% minoxidil solutions experienced a significant increase in hair weight for 96 weeks compared to placebo, with effects diminishing after treatment cessation.
180 citations
,
September 1999 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This review discusses the psychological and social impacts of androgenetic alopecia and suggests that medical treatments can have some positive psychological effects, highlighting the condition's moderate stress and impact on body image.
32 citations
,
August 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that individuals with early onset extensive androgenetic alopecia have an elevated ratio of DHT to testosterone, but no significant genetic linkage to markers on chromosomes 2 or 5 was detected.
127 citations
,
March 1999 in “International Journal of Cancer” This study from Athens, Greece observed that urban living may increase prostate cancer risk, while early adulthood sexual activity might inversely relate to this risk.
581 citations
,
October 1998 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” In male pattern hair loss, this study found that finasteride 1 mg daily significantly slowed hair loss and increased hair growth over two years compared to placebo.
169 citations
,
June 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found no significant genetic association between the 5α-reductase enzyme genes and male pattern baldness, suggesting a polygenic etiology rather than simple inheritance.
173 citations
,
July 1995 in “Biochemical and biophysical research communications” This study suggests that IGF-I may mediate androgen-induced hair growth in outer root sheath cells cocultured with beard dermal papilla cells.
14 citations
,
July 1994 in “Archives of Dermatology” This study found that personality disorders, more than gender, were associated with psychopathologic reactions to androgenetic alopecia.
309 citations
,
May 1993 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This study concluded that horizontal sections of scalp biopsy specimens provide more diagnostic information for male pattern androgenetic alopecia than vertical sections and can predict hair regrowth potential following topical minoxidil therapy.
18 citations
,
May 1992 in “American Journal of Biological Anthropology” This study found no general elevation in androgen levels among men predisposed to balding, despite a correlation with the free-to-total testosterone ratio; no link was observed with acne.
40 citations
,
February 1992 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Taking finasteride pills and using minoxidil lotion together can help grow hair.
70 citations
,
April 1990 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Minoxidil treatment increased hair growth for up to 5 years, requiring twice daily application.
143 citations
,
October 1988 in “Clinics in Dermatology” This review discusses the histopathology of male-pattern baldness and highlights ongoing disputes over several aspects, including sebaceous gland size and follicle loss, reporting no new clinical findings.
203 citations
,
November 1984 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study presents evidence suggesting that androgenetic alopecia is most likely inherited through a polygenic model, challenging the traditional view that it is caused by a simple Mendelian autosomal dominant gene.