JAK Inhibitors in the Therapy of Comorbid Diseases: Atopic Dermatitis and Alopecia Areata - Literature Review and Clinical Practice Experience

This literature review and clinical practice experience highlight the efficacy of Janus-kinase (JAK) inhibitors in treating severe atopic dermatitis (AtD) and alopecia areata (AA), which are linked by common immune pathways. JAK inhibitors, a new class of targeted anti-inflammatory drugs, modulate key inflammatory cytokines, making them a promising systemic therapy for these conditions. The article discusses the pathophysiology and application of first and second-generation JAK inhibitors, such as abrocitinib and upadacitinib, and presents case studies of two patients with severe AtD and AA. These cases demonstrate the effectiveness of JAK inhibitors and the potential benefits of switching between different generations of these drugs. The need for further research into the long-term efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitors is emphasized.