Intramuscular Corticosteroid Therapy in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Time-to-Event Analysis

    Kumutnart Chanprapaph, Cherrin Pomsoong, Chaninan Kositkuljorn, Poonkiat Suchonwanit
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    TLDR Intramuscular corticosteroids are effective and safe for severe alopecia areata, with most patients regrowing hair, but nearly half may relapse.
    This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of intramuscular corticosteroids (IMC) in treating severe alopecia areata (AA) in 101 patients. The treatment involved triamcinolone acetonide injections every 4-6 weeks. Results showed that 80.2% of patients experienced significant hair regrowth (75% regrowth) within a median time of 3.4 months, while 48.5% achieved complete hair regrowth. However, 47.5% of patients experienced a relapse. The most common side effect was an acneiform eruption. The study found that having nail involvement was a negative predictor for significant hair regrowth, and having AA for longer than 6 months was associated with a higher risk of relapse. Despite the high relapse rate, IMC was found to be effective and safe for treating severe or active AA.
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