Genome-Wide Association Study of Skin Complex Diseases

The document reviewed the findings from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on ten different skin complex diseases, demonstrating the identification of genetic variants associated with these conditions. GWAS, a tool used since 2005, has helped uncover susceptibility variants for diseases such as psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), vitiligo, leprosy, atopic dermatitis (AD), male-pattern baldness, keloid disease (KD), sarcoidosis, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), melanoma, and cutaneous nevi. The review highlighted the involvement of both immune and non-immune pathways in the pathogenesis of these diseases. For instance, in psoriasis, genes related to immune response and epidermal differentiation were identified, while in SLE, over 30 susceptibility genes or loci were linked to various biological processes. These genetic insights have the potential to improve diagnostic and clinical management of skin complex diseases.