GC-MS Profiling and In Silico Prediction of MAPK Receptor Activation by Fatty Acids of Watercress Oil for Hair Growth Marketed in Saudi Arabia

The study analyzed the chemical composition and hair growth-promoting properties of watercress oil (WCO) marketed in Saudi Arabia using GC-MS and in-silico methods. It identified 65.65% fatty acids, including oleic and palmitic acids, and confirmed the oil's safety with a pH of 5.53 and no toxic substances. Molecular docking showed that these fatty acids, except Docosanol, activated MAPK1, MAPK3, and MAPKp38 receptors, which are involved in hair growth regulation. The research supported the traditional use of warm oil application to enhance absorption and recommended further in-vitro studies to establish pharmacological mechanisms.