Hair Growth-Promotion Effects of Different Alternating Current Parameter Settings Are Mediated by the Activation of Wnt/β-Catenin and MAPK Pathway

The study explored the impact of alternating current (AC) on hair growth, using human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) in vitro and rabbits in vivo. It was discovered that AC stimulation at 3.5 V and 1 or 2 MHz enhanced hDPC proliferation and upregulated Wnt/ß-catenin, Ki67, p-ERK, and p-AKT expressions. In rabbits, AC stimulation at 8 V and 3 MHz over 8 weeks led to hair regrowth and increased expression of hair-related genes by the 6th week. The findings indicate that electrical stimulation at specific parameters can activate hair growth pathways such as Wnt/ß-catenin and MAPK, suggesting potential for treating hair loss. However, the optimal conditions for stimulating hair growth may differ across cell types, animals, and human tissues. The number of human participants was not mentioned, as the study focused on cell cultures and animal models.