FOXN1 Is Critical for Onycholemmal Terminal Differentiation in Nude (Foxn1nu) Mice

    November 2004 in “ ˜The œjournal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology ”
    Lars Mecklenburg, Ralf Paus, Zdeněk Halata, Lesley Bechtold, Philip Fleckman, John P. Sundberg
    TLDR The Foxn1 gene is essential for normal nail and hair development.
    Nude mice with a Foxn1(nu) mutation exhibited downregulation of hair keratins, leading to structurally weak hair fibers that break off. Their nails were deformed due to altered onychocyte differentiation, with decreased sulfur concentrations and lack of keratin 1 expression in the nail matrix. The differentiation process shifted towards an epidermis-like pattern, producing filaggrin-containing keratohyalin granules. The nail plates were thinner, weak, and prone to breaking. These findings highlighted the critical role of Foxn1 in normal onycholemmal differentiation and provided insights into the molecular controls of nail formation, offering a model for studying nail diseases.
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