Competitive Balance of Intrabulge BMP/Wnt Signaling Reveals a Robust Gene Network Ruling Stem Cell Homeostasis and Cyclic Activation

The study investigated the role of BMP and Wnt signaling in hair follicle stem cell (hfSC) homeostasis and activation using genetically modified mice. It was found that BMP signaling kept hfSCs in a quiescent state, while Wnt signaling promoted their activation. Inhibition of BMP signaling led to hfSC activation, resembling hair germ cells, but compromised hair shaft formation. The research highlighted the dynamic balance and antagonistic competition between BMP and Wnt pathways, which is crucial for maintaining stem cell homeostasis and regulating the hair cycle. The study provided insights into the molecular mechanisms of hair growth, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for hair loss conditions.