Androgen Effects on the Skin

The document from 2015 explored the impact of androgens on skin health, detailing their role in conditions like acne vulgaris, androgenetic alopecia, hirsutism, and hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). Androgens, such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), are synthesized in the body and act on the skin through the androgen receptor (AR), affecting sebaceous glands, hair follicles, and sweat glands. While essential for normal skin functions, androgen dysregulation can lead to dermatoses. Acne is linked to androgen-induced sebum production and inflammation, treated with antiandrogens or contraceptives. Androgenetic alopecia involves hair follicle miniaturization due to androgens, with treatments like minoxidil and finasteride. Hirsutism, excessive hair growth in women, often associated with PCOS, is treated with antiandrogens or AR blockers, such as spironolactone, combined with contraceptives to mitigate side effects. The pathogenesis of HS is not fully understood, but it may involve androgens, and treatments like ethinylestradiol and cyproterone acetate have shown some efficacy. The document highlights the need for accurate diagnosis and consideration of hormonal therapies, while acknowledging gaps in understanding the mechanisms of androgen effects on the skin.