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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects 6%-15% of women of reproductive age, causing symptoms like acne and hair loss, and increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes and heart disease; it's managed through diet, exercise, and medications like Metformin and hormonal contraceptives.

Early treatment and lifestyle changes are important for managing PCOS in young people to prevent long-term health issues.

Androgens can cause hair growth in some areas and hair loss on the scalp.

Higher SHBG levels are linked to less severe hair loss in women, but vitamin D levels don't seem to affect hair loss.

The method shows hair testosterone levels reflect those in saliva, but are affected by various factors and may indicate a risk for heart attack.

High levels of male hormones are very common in women with PCOS and affect their metabolism differently depending on their weight.

Spironolactone treatment increases the amount of testosterone available in the body.

Some women with acne have higher levels of free testosterone, which might suggest using hormonal treatments for acne.

Hirsutism is a strong sign of high male hormones and metabolic problems in women with PCOS, but acne and hair loss are not.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Men with hair loss have lower SHBG and higher saliva testosterone levels, suggesting increased androgen activity.

5α-reductase inhibitors may worsen sexual drive and spontaneous erections but don't worsen existing erectile or ejaculatory problems.

Women with PCOS have higher levels of certain androgens, which are good at predicting excess hair growth.

High testosterone levels in 20% of the women studied may indicate PCOS, while 80% had low levels with potential health impacts.

Ultrasound boosts finasteride's hair growth effects in mice.

Women with PCOS in North China often have hirsutism and acne, with hirsutism linked to metabolic issues.

The Free Androgen Index (FAI) is the best indicator of early hair loss in men before age 30.

Testosterone implants in women require pharmacological dosing to be effective and are generally safe and well-tolerated.

Low androgen levels might delay prostate cancer but could lead to more aggressive, therapy-resistant cancers.

The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.

Androgen therapy can help with symptoms like low libido in women, but more research is needed to understand its long-term safety and effects on health.

Testosterone replacement therapy improves libido, mood, muscle strength, and bone density in men with Testosterone Deficiency Syndrome.

The document concludes that accurate measurement of serum androgens is crucial for diagnosing hyperandrogenism.

Women with acne and irregular periods had higher active testosterone levels, which could suggest the usefulness of antiandrogen treatment.

Heavily hunted wolves have higher stress and reproductive hormone levels.

PSA could be a marker for hyperandrogenism in women, but more research is needed.

The conclusion is that managing androgen excess requires long-term treatment, including hormonal contraceptives and androgen blockers, with follow-up after six months.

Hirsutism is more linked to high androgen levels than acne or hair loss, and a mix of hormonal tests is best for diagnosis; certain treatments can reduce symptoms.

Androgens play a role in female sexual function, and testosterone therapy can help women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on treatments and long-term safety.

Testosterone therapy helps boys with hormone deficiencies develop normal male characteristics and grow properly.