Heavily Hunted Wolves Have Higher Stress and Reproductive Steroids Than Wolves With Lower Hunting Pressure

    November 2014 in “ Functional Ecology ”
    Heather M. Bryan, Judit E. G. Smits, Lee Koren … Marco Musiani
    Studysummary This study found that wolves in heavily hunted areas of Canada's tundra–taiga exhibited higher levels of stress and reproductive hormones, indicating social instability and increased reproductive effort due to human-caused mortality.
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    Research cited in this study 5

    1. Heavily Hunted Wolves Have Higher Stress and Reproductive Steroids Than Wolves With Lower Hunting Pressure Functional Ecology · 2014
    2. Hair as a Retrospective Calendar of Cortisol Production—Increased Cortisol Incorporation into Hair in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2008
    3. Measurement of Cortisol in Human Hair as a Biomarker of Systemic Exposure Clinical and investigative medicine · 2007
    4. Cortisol Determination in Hair and Feces from Domestic Cats and Dogs General and Comparative Endocrinology · 2007
    5. Human Hair Follicles Display a Functional Equivalent of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis and Synthesize Cortisol The FASEB Journal · 2005