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A thorough history and examination are crucial for diagnosing skin diseases, which affect up to a third of people. This includes details about skin lesions, medication, general health, lifestyle, family, and contacts, as well as examining the rash, hair, nails, and mucous membranes. Changes in hair and nails can also indicate other medical and skin disorders.

MicroRNAs are crucial in controlling cell signaling, affecting cancer and tissue regeneration.

Melatonin affects many body functions beyond sleep by interacting with specific receptors in various tissues.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Changing how mesenchymal stromal cells are grown can improve their healing abilities.

The document concludes that the understanding of scar formation is incomplete and current prevention and treatment for hypertrophic scars and keloids are not fully effective.

Air pollution worsens skin diseases and aging by causing inflammation and oxidative stress.

Growing human skin cells in a 3D environment can stimulate new hair growth.

The immune system plays a key role in tissue repair, affecting both healing quality and regenerative ability.

Eph receptors and ephrins may be promising targets for treating diseases, but more understanding is needed for effective and safe therapies.

The PDGF/PDGFR pathway is a potential drug target with mixed success in treating various diseases, including some cancers and fibrosis.

Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.

Tight junctions are key for skin protection and controlling what gets absorbed or passes through the skin.

The document concludes that more research is needed to better understand and treat primary cicatricial alopecias, and suggests a possible reclassification based on molecular pathways.

Keratinocytes help heal skin wounds by interacting with immune cells and producing substances that kill pathogens.

Cathepsin L is essential for normal hair growth and development.

Lupus affects the body and skin, causing joint pain and skin issues that can be treated with steroids and antimalarial drugs.

The document concludes that a better understanding of cell changes during wound healing could improve treatments for chronic wounds and other conditions.

The drug IPI-926 is safe at 160 mg daily and may help treat certain tumors, especially basal cell carcinoma.

The document concludes that understanding hair structure is key to diagnosing hair abnormalities and recommends gentle hair care for management.

Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.

Macrophages help regrow hair by activating stem cells using AKT/β-catenin and TNF.

Smoking harms the skin, causing early aging and increasing cancer risk, but stopping smoking can improve skin health.

Tiny particles from stem cells help activate hair growth cells and encourage hair growth in mice without being toxic.

ICG-enhanced NIR laser therapy may be a promising acne treatment with improvement and no side effects.

Correct skin biopsy techniques are crucial to avoid misdiagnosis of skin diseases.

Formyl-peptide receptor agonists could be new anti-inflammatory drugs.

The sebaceous gland has more roles than just producing sebum and contributing to acne, and new research could lead to better skin disease treatments.

Notch/CSL signaling controls hair follicle differentiation through Wnt5a and FoxN1.

Nanoparticles can improve skin treatments by better targeting hair follicles, but more research is needed for advancement.