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TGF-β is crucial for controlling stem cell behavior and changes in its signaling can lead to diseases like cancer.

New research suggests that skin cell renewal may not require a special type of cell previously thought to be essential.

Minoxidil treats hair loss, promotes growth, has side effects, and has recent patents.

Male and female skin differ due to hormones, affecting conditions like hair loss, acne, and skin cancer, and suggesting a need for gender-specific treatments.

The document concludes that more research is needed to better understand and treat primary cicatricial alopecias, and suggests a possible reclassification based on molecular pathways.

Palliative chemotherapy is cost-effective for advanced gastric and colorectal cancer but not clearly for pancreatic-biliary cancer.

Laser device increases hair density, safe for treating hair loss in men and women.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of ichthyosis is crucial for treatment and genetic advice, and ongoing research is needed for better therapies.

Some drugs can cause hair loss or increase hair growth, but these effects are usually reversible when the drug is stopped.

Lupus affects the body and skin, causing joint pain and skin issues that can be treated with steroids and antimalarial drugs.

The document concludes that adenosine receptor agonists have potential for treating various conditions, but only a few are approved due to challenges like side effects and the need for selective activation.

Taxane chemotherapy can cause skin, hair, and nail side effects, which are often under-reported and can affect patient quality of life.

Microneedles improve drug delivery in various body parts, are safe and painless, and show promise in cosmetology, vaccination, insulin delivery, and other medical applications.

The niche environment controls stem cell behavior and plasticity, which is important for tissue health and repair.

Periodontal ligament stem cells show promise for regrowing tissues but require more research for safe, effective use.

Exosomes could potentially enhance tissue repair and regeneration with lower rejection risk and easier production than live cell therapies.

Fat-derived stem cells show promise for skin repair and reducing aging signs but need more research for consistent results.

Skin grafts on mice can cause an immune response leading to hair loss, useful for studying human hair loss conditions.

The conclusion is that Treg-targeted therapies have potential, but more knowledge of Treg biology is needed for effective treatments, including for cancer.

Surgeons must understand the full care process for gender confirmation surgery to help transgender individuals effectively.

Foxp3 is crucial for regulatory T cell function, and targeting these cells may help treat immune disorders.

MicroRNA-302 helps improve the conversion of body cells into stem cells by blocking NR2F2.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

Platelet-rich plasma might help with hair growth and skin conditions, but more research is needed to prove its effectiveness and safety.

Potassium channel openers are effective in treating heart conditions, high blood pressure, pulmonary diseases, bladder issues, and hair loss, but more selective drugs are needed.

Finasteride and minoxidil are effective for hair regrowth, while treatments for alopecia areata have varying success and continuous treatment is necessary.

Macrophages help regrow hair by activating stem cells using AKT/β-catenin and TNF.

Cancer therapy can cause various skin problems, including hair loss, skin darkening, painful hand-foot syndrome, and severe skin damage.

Blocking the Wnt pathway could lead to new treatments for cancer and tissue repair but requires careful development to avoid side effects.