10 citations,
January 2019 in “Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy may slightly increase sexual desire in women with HSDD but lacks broad recommendation due to safety concerns and limited approval.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman developed male characteristics after using unregulated hormone therapy.
280 citations,
May 2005 in “Andrology” Testosterone treatment for older men can have short-term benefits, but long-term risks are unclear, requiring careful evaluation and monitoring.
7 citations,
January 2019 in “Headache” Hormone therapy may increase migraines in transgender women and decrease them in transgender men; more research is needed on migraine management in transgender individuals.
January 2016 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Hormonal therapy changes skin and hair in transgender patients, who need better researched dermatologic care.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A transman experienced lasting virilization symptoms after stopping testosterone, which were resolved with estradiol treatment.
December 2016 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Short-acting testosterone injections in a clinic are a preferred treatment for low testosterone because they work well, are convenient, and patients stick with the treatment.
40 citations,
November 2011 in “American Journal of Human Biology” Stress from being transgender is linked to higher blood pressure at night and more inflammation, which may affect heart health.
6 citations,
April 2019 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy for transmasculine individuals is generally safe with medical supervision, improves mental health, and has mixed effects on physical health.
November 2018 in “Endocrine Abstracts” A woman's high testosterone levels were caused by a rare ovarian tumor, not the initially diagnosed condition.
32 citations,
January 2018 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” Hormone therapy affects hair growth in transgender individuals, with testosterone potentially causing hair loss in trans men and estrogen reducing facial/body hair in trans women; treatment options vary.
18 citations,
February 2016 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Advancements in male reproductive medicine are ongoing, but more research and improved treatments are needed in several areas.
20 citations,
January 2003 in “Treatments in Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy can help improve mood, sexual function, and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed to establish safe and effective guidelines.
37 citations,
February 2013 in “Maturitas” Testosterone therapy is beneficial for women's health and does not cause masculinization or liver damage, and it protects the heart and breasts.
28 citations,
October 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Testosterone therapy seems safe and effective for transgender men with proper care, but more long-term research is needed.
21 citations,
December 2012 in “Maturitas” Testosterone implants in women require pharmacological dosing to be effective and are generally safe and well-tolerated.
11 citations,
September 2012 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy seems safe for short-term use in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research on long-term effects is needed.
55 citations,
January 2007 in “Climacteric” Menopause and aging can affect women's quality of life and sexuality, but hormone therapies may help alleviate these issues.
28 citations,
May 2013 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but should be used cautiously and not based solely on testosterone levels.
5 citations,
June 2004 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.
90 citations,
December 2007 in “Current Oncology” Non-hormonal treatments should be used first for sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal breast cancer patients on aromatase inhibitors, with hormones as a second option.
59 citations,
August 2004 in “Human Reproduction Update” Testosterone replacement can help women with low libido and mood, but they need to have enough estrogen first to avoid side effects.
282 citations,
October 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.
April 2006 in “Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes” Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual function, mood, and bone density in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed on long-term safety.
10 citations,
April 2006 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Testosterone therapy may improve mood, well-being, and sexual function in premenopausal women, but more research is needed on its long-term safety and effectiveness.
506 citations,
March 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy improves physical function, strength, and body composition in older men with low testosterone levels.
5 citations,
May 2018 in “Therapeutic advances in drug safety” Androgen use may increase the risk of stroke, but more research is needed.
19 citations,
May 2020 in “American journal of men's health” Testosterone therapy helps boys with hormone deficiencies develop normal male characteristics and grow properly.
12 citations,
October 2018 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” Hormone therapy in transgender women can affect hair growth and acne, and there are specific skin issues related to gender-affirming surgery, but more research is needed on their dermatological health.
1 citations,
January 2020 in “Elsevier eBooks” Hormone therapy is safe and effective for transgender adults, but requires regular monitoring and mental health support.