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Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and baldness, but may cause limited urinary improvement and sex-related side effects.

The human type II 5α-reductase gene, linked to certain male health conditions, has a specific structure and low similarity to other related genes.

New research is needed to create better drugs that block the enzyme responsible for conditions like male baldness and prostate enlargement.

Vitamin D and estrogen may help protect heart and kidney health, and maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels could be especially beneficial for African Americans, postmenopausal women, and people with chronic kidney disease.

The document concludes that hair loss in women is treated with medications, therapies, and surgery in Western medicine, and with acupuncture and herbs in Chinese medicine, but hereditary hair loss is hard to reverse.

Male hormones, particularly DHT, are linked to male pattern hair loss, and treatments like finasteride can help, but they don't work for postmenopausal women's hair loss, which may have different causes.

The document concludes that menopause should be seen as a natural part of aging and managed with personalized care and informed choices.

Finasteride may cause kidney damage.

Finasteride doesn't affect bone density in male rats.

Anti-androgens are effective for female acne but less so for male-pattern hair loss, with side effects similar to birth control pills.

Lower adrenal hormone levels may cause hair loss in postmenopausal women, certain patterns help diagnose nail cancer, and a gene variant linked to higher skin cancer risk in kidney transplant patients suggests monitoring folate levels.

Some vitamins and minerals like vitamin D and iron can help with certain types of hair loss, but more research is needed for others.

Minoxidil and finasteride can slow hair loss and stimulate regrowth, but won't restore all lost hair or reverse complete baldness.

The document concludes that certain genetic mutations and dietary factors are involved in acne development, and treatments like isotretinoin and diet changes can help manage it.

Some breast cancer chemotherapy can cause permanent hair loss.

Hirsutism is excessive male-pattern hair growth in women, often caused by hormonal imbalances, and requires ongoing treatment to manage.

Steroid sulfatase is important for activating hormones that affect memory, brain function, and certain diseases, and could be a target for treating hormone-related disorders.

Chromium supplements don't help with weight loss or improve hormone and metabolism issues in people with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Some supplements may help with hair loss, but there's not enough strong evidence to recommend them without doctor advice.

The enzyme myo-inositol oxygenase is not linked to the cause of polycystic ovarian syndrome.

PCOS patients, especially obese ones, often lack vitamin D and may need supplements and lifestyle changes.

Women also use 5α-reductase inhibitors, and their effects differ from men.

Iron supplements may reverse premature graying in iron-deficient individuals; ingrown nails are common in diabetics with certain risk factors; topical finasteride may reduce scalp DHT as effectively as oral finasteride; monilethrix treatment is challenging but some medications can help.

The Rotterdam Study found risk factors for elderly diseases, links between lifestyle and genetics with health conditions, and aimed to explore new areas like DNA methylation and sensory input effects on brain function.

A new microneedle patch helps treat hair loss by improving drug delivery to hair follicles.

Blocking CRF1 receptors improved male hormone levels and reduced testicular tumor size in men with a specific adrenal condition.

New liposome treatment successfully delivers CRISPR to deactivate a key enzyme in androgen-related disorders.

Women also use 5α-reductase inhibitors for hair loss and hirsutism.

Insufficient androgen action in male fetuses can cause genital development issues due to genetic mutations or environmental chemicals.

The review recommends hormone replacement therapy for women with premature ovarian insufficiency to manage symptoms and protect health, with specific approaches for different groups.