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The document concludes that hormone therapy is essential for treating gender dysphoria, with specific drugs and monitoring protocols recommended for safety and effectiveness.

Steroid hormones are crucial for body functions and have various medical uses, but their misuse can lead to dependence.

Healthcare providers need better education and resources to give competent and sensitive care to transgender patients.

The guideline provides healthcare professionals in South Africa with instructions for comprehensive, multidisciplinary gender-affirming care, including HIV prevention and treatment for transgender and gender diverse individuals.

Estrogen-progestin contraception lowers ovarian, endometrial, and colon cancer risk but may raise breast and cervical cancer risk, helps with menstrual and acne issues, and new methods are as effective as pills. Metformin helps overweight women with PCOS and insulin resistance, and dopamine agonists treat prolactinomas.

Hormones, especially androgens, play a big role in acne, but most acne sufferers don't have a hormone disorder. Hormonal treatments, including birth control pills, can be very effective for women whose acne doesn't improve with regular treatments.

The conclusion is that endocrinology significantly impacts medicine with various common medications used for treatment.

Anabolic steroids can build muscle and strength but have risks and need more research on their clinical benefits and side effects.

Hormone therapy for transgender females increases the risk of blood clots and requires careful dosing, monitoring, and lifelong management.

Transgender patients in critical care need better-trained medical staff and specific guidelines.

The combination of cyproterone acetate and testosterone enanthate is highly effective in preventing sperm production and could be a good reversible male contraceptive.

No consistent link between genotype and phenotype in 5-α-Reductase type 2 deficiency.

Testosterone therapy improves physical function, strength, and body composition in older men with low testosterone levels.

Testosterone therapy increases bone density in older men with low testosterone levels.

Spironolactone treatment increases the amount of testosterone available in the body.

Testosterone levels influence male behaviors and physical traits, but this relationship is complex and influenced by both internal and external factors.

Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.

Testosterone treatment in trans men increases body and facial hair and may lead to hair loss over time, but severe skin issues are rare.

Testosterone undecanoate increases lean mass and causes various physical changes in female-to-male transsexuals.

DHT may increase the risk of heart disease and death in elderly men.

The document concludes that better biomarkers are needed to detect long-term oral testosterone use in athletes.

Testosterone supplements can increase muscle mass and strength in older men with low levels, but long-term effects and risks need more research.

Testosterone with or without finasteride doesn't improve thinking skills in older men with low testosterone.

Increased DHT formation in skin can cause hair loss, acne, and excessive hair growth, and antiandrogens might treat these conditions.

Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.

Removing a testosterone-producing tumor cured a woman's sleep apnea and other symptoms.

The transscrotal testosterone patch normalizes hormone levels in men with AIDS and weight loss but does not improve weight, body mass, or quality of life.

Finasteride reduces scalp DHT levels, potentially treating male pattern baldness.

High levels of testosterone and 5α-DHT can lead to cell death in cells important for hair growth.

Beard cells, unlike scalp cells, produce growth factors in response to testosterone, which may explain differences in hair growth.